中国国际河流水文地理研究进展  

Progresses in hydrographic research on international rivers in China

作　　者：罗贤 李运刚 季漩 何大明 LUO Xian;LI Yungang;JI Xuan;HE Daming(Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security,Yunnan University,Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-security,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院云南省国际河流与跨境生态安全重点实验室,昆明650500

出　　处：《地理学报》2023年第7期1703-1717,共15页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFA0601600);云南省科学家工作室项目(KXJGZS-2019-005);云南省科技厅科技计划项目(202101AT070075)。

摘　　要：中国发育了亚洲主要的国际河流,丰富的跨境水资源在区域“水—能源—粮食—生态”安全维持中发挥着重要作用。近几十年来,受全球气候变化特别是大规模水利水电工程建设驱动,国际河流区水文及生态过程变化与跨境影响等问题备受关注。国内对这些问题的研究,重点聚焦于水文及生态过程变化规律与变化归因、跨境影响与安全风险调控,探讨跨境流域“水—能源—粮食—生态”纽带关系,构建适应全球变化的跨境水资源协调机制等方面,取得了突出的研发成效。面对全球变化影响下日益突出的跨境水安全与生态安全风险问题,国际河流的水文地理研究,更需要借助空天地一体化精准监测技术、现代空间地理信息技术和智能技术等,通过提供可量化、可参与、可公开的研发成果,更好地为国家对国际河流的合理利用与地缘合作、健康维持与风险管控、跨境水外交与环境外交等提供科学依据和决策支持。Most of Asian major international rivers originate from China.Their abundant transboundary water resources play an important role in regional"water-energy-food-ecology"security.In recent decades,influenced by global change,especially by the construction of large hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering,the changes in hydrological and ecological processes and their transboundary impacts in the international river regions have attracted more and more attention.The research on these issues in China has achieved prominent results in several aspects,including the changes in hydrological and ecological processes and their attributions,the transboundary impacts and risk regulation,the"water-energy-food-ecology"nexus in transboundary watersheds,and the construction of transboundary water resources coordination mechanism to adapt to global changes.In the face of the increasing risks of transboundary water security and ecological security under global change,the hydro-geographical research on international rivers needs to make use of space-air-ground integrated monitoring technology,modern spatial geographic information technology,intelligent technology,and so on.By providing quantifiable,participatory,and public results,these researches can better provide scientific basis and decision support for the rational utilization of international rivers and geopolitical cooperation,health maintenance and risk control,transboundary water diplomacy and environmental diplomacy.

关 键 词：国际河流 气候变化 人类活动 水文过程变化 水安全 

分 类 号：P331.3[天文地球—水文科学]