兼收并蓄与调和会通:孟森早岁读书治学考述(1872—1898)  

Inclusivity and Synthesis:An Investigation of the Early Scholarship of Meng Sen,1872-1898

作　　者：刘会文 LIU Huiwen

机构地区：[1]湖南大学岳麓书院,410082

出　　处：《史林》2023年第3期160-173,219,220,共16页Historical Review

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“孟森年谱长编”(项目批准号:19CZS048)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：孟森幼负大才,但清狂自负,跅弛不羁,不拘礼法。又多次蹉跌科场,沉溺八股文甚久,二十岁(1887年)获得生员资格以后,方得以渐窥文章、学问的门径。惟其并无师承渊源,所获多来自自学,故能注重心得,而不拘门户之见。孟森早岁读书治学的范围,涵盖了传统的义理、考据和词章之学,而且根柢较深,又在曾国藩、湘乡派和常州学风的影响之下,抱定经世致用的宗旨,终身未改,形成了独特的经济之学。其学以义理为体,经济为用;而考据、词章,特其手段而已,这与曾国藩提倡的学风几乎完全一致。孟氏词章以古文为主,奄有桐城、阳湖及湘乡三派之长,兼收并蓄,而尤服膺湘乡,又不摈弃骈文;又能综合八股文的形式与湘乡派古文的内容,言之有物,在文章中表现经济、事功。孟森早岁为学的特点,是善于调和、综合与会通,而不擅创造和开新。The present paper,delving into the early scholarship of Meng Sen,a renowned Chinese scholar specializing in the history of Qing,concludes that Meng's scholarship was nonsectarian in being highly inclusive,extensive in covering multiple branches of traditional Chinese scholarship,and pragmatic in striving for the betterment of the statecraft.Moreover,it points out Men's scholarship was obviously influenced by Zeng Guofan and Changzhou School.

关 键 词：孟森 孟昭常 阳湖派 湘乡派 经济之学 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]