顾颉刚及其“疑古史学”再释——试从父子情感的角度分析  

Gu Jiegang and His“Doubting Historiography”Reinterpreted——Analysis from the Perspective of Father-Son Emotions

作　　者：王晴佳 Q.Edward Wang(Department of History,Rowan University,Glassoro 08028-2235,NJ)

机构地区：[1]美国罗文大学历史系,新泽西州葛拉斯堡罗08028-2235

出　　处：《河北学刊》2023年第5期69-82,共14页Hebei Academic Journal

摘　　要：顾颉刚在1920年代发动“古史辨”的讨论,引发学术界轩然大波之后,留下不少自传体的文字,详细解释自己的成长道路。顾氏出身苏州书香之家,自小受到祖辈、父辈的严格教育。但在其6万余字的《〈古史辨〉自序》中,他却很少提及其父顾柏年(号子虬)。相反,他的自述、日记、书信等材料揭示,他们父子之间在求学、婚姻和人生态度等方面存在着矛盾与冲突——顾颉刚对其父亲抱有敬畏大于亲密的复杂情感,使得顾颉刚几次间接或直接地反抗父命。他们父子之间的矛盾冲突,与美国心理学家埃里克·埃里克森对马丁·路德违背其父亲的意志,进而发动宗教改革的精神分析,颇有可比之处。1918年,顾颉刚妻子吴徵兰去世,他又奉父命于次年再婚等事情,促使他反省封建父权,在《新潮》发表《关于旧家庭的感想》的长文。1920年秋他自北京大学毕业之后,一方面检讨古史的真伪,另一方面又与父亲产生激烈的冲突,最终使他在三年后与父亲分道扬镳。顾颉刚对其父的抗拒和反叛,为我们理解他之抨击古史的真伪,批判传统文化,提供了一个情感分析的视角和情感史研究的实例。Gu Jiegang left behind numerous autobiographical texts outlining his own upbringing after launching the“Ancient History Discussion”in the 1920s,which caused a stir in the academic community.He was raised in Suzhou in a family of scholars and received a strict education from his grandparents and father.However,he only occasionally refers to his father,Gu Bainian(also known as Ziqiu),in the 60,000-word preface to the Ancient History Discussion.Contrarily,his journals,letters,and other writings show that the father and son had very different perspectives on education,marriage,and life;Gu Jiegang had a more reverent than intimate relationship with his father and at times rebelled against him.The father-son conflict is comparable to Erik Erikson’s psychoanalysis of Martin Luther’s defiance of his father’s will before the Reformation.After his graduation from Peking University in 1920,Gu Jiegang examined the authenticity of historical texts on the one hand and had a bitter fight with his father on the other,due to the latter’s forceful intervention of his marriage life.A case study of emotions history,Gu Jiegang’s rebellion against his father offers a different perspective on his doubting of the historiography of China’s high antiquity and his attack on the tradition of Confucian culture.

关 键 词：顾颉刚(诵坤、阿双、顾诚吾) 顾柏年(贞白、子虬) 古史辨 埃里克·埃里克森(Erik Erikson) 《青年路德》 情感史 

分 类 号：K207[历史地理—历史学]