利用体外三步法研究驴主要精饲料原料的体外营养物质降解率  

Study on nutrient degradation rate of donkey main concentrate feed by three steps in vitro

作　　者：杨青苗 刘畅 赵艳丽[1] 郭咏梅[1] 郭晓宇[1] 闫素梅[1] YANG Qing-miao;LIU Chang;ZHAO Yan-li;GUO Yong-mei;GUO Xiao-yu;YAN Su-mei

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院动物营养与饲料科学自治区高等学校重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《饲料研究》2023年第16期102-108,共7页Feed Research

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(项目编号:zdzx2018001)。

摘　　要：试验旨在通过体外三步法即胃蛋白酶-胰酶-盲肠液法,模拟体外胃肠道环境,对驴常用精饲料原料在胃肠道中的体外降解率进行研究,评定驴常用精饲料原料的营养价值。选取驴养殖生产中广泛应用的精饲料原料,其中能量饲料9种,蛋白质饲料8种。模拟胃内环境消化1 h、小肠内环境消化24 h,进入体外盲肠环境进行连续培养24 h,采集盲肠液,测量精饲料原料的体外降解率。结果表明,驴对能量饲料的胃-小肠-盲肠体外降解率中,玉米、压片玉米和小麦营养价值较高,玉米皮和大豆皮较低,小麦麸、玉米胚芽粕、次粉和喷浆玉米皮居中。蛋白质饲料在驴的胃-小肠-盲肠体外降解率中,玉米蛋白粉、豆粕、DDGS、膨化大豆和双低菜粕的营养价值较高,尤以玉米蛋白粉最高,菜粕与棉粕的营养价值较低,全棉籽最低。能量饲料和蛋白质饲料的干物质(DM)、有机物(OM)与粗蛋白(CP)在胃-小肠(盲肠前)营养物质贡献率大多数在70%以上。但玉米蛋白粉、玉米皮和大豆皮的DM、OM较低,而玉米蛋白粉的CP也较低,为39.4%。研究表明,能量饲料中以玉米、压片玉米和小麦的营养物质体外降解率与消化能(DE)较高,玉米皮与大豆皮较低,其他能量饲料居中。蛋白质饲料中以豆粕、DDGS、膨化大豆和双低菜粕的营养物质体外降解率与DE较高,尤以豆粕最高。The study was to simulate in vitro gastrointestinal environment through in vitro three-step method,namely pepsin-trypsin-cecum liquid method,to study in vitro degradation rate of donkey common concentrate raw materials in gastrointestinal tract,so as to evaluate the nutritional value of donkey common concentrate raw materials.Concentrate feed materials widely used in donkey breeding and production were selected,including nine kinds of energy feed and eight kinds of protein feed.After digestion in the simulated stomach environment for 1 h and in the small intestine for 24 h,they were cultured in vitro for 24 h,cecal fluid was collected,and the degradation rate of refined feed raw materials was measured.The results showed that the nutritional value of corn,pressed corn and wheat was higher,corn bran and soybean hull were lower,and wheat bran,corn germ meal,inferior flour and sprayed corn hull were in the middle of in vitro degradation rate of donkeys to energy feed.Among in vitro degradability of protein feed in donkey stomach-intestinececum,corn gluten meal,soybean meal,DDGS,extruded soybean and double-low rapeseed meal had higher nutritional value,especially corn gluten meal,rapeseed meal and cottonseed meal had lower nutritional value,and whole cottonseed had the lowest nutritional value.DM,OM and CP in energy and protein feeds contributed more than 70%of nutrients in stomach-intestine(prececal).However,DM and OM of corn gluten meal,corn bran and soybean hull were lower,and CP of corn gluten meal was also lower,which was 39.4%.The experiment indicates that in the energy feed,in vitro degradation rate and DE of nutrients of corn,pressed corn and wheat are higher.The corn husk and soybean husk are lower,and other energy feeds are in the middle.The in vitro degradation rate and DE of nutrients in soybean meal,DDGS,extruded soybean and double-low rapeseed meal are higher,especially in soybean meal.

关 键 词：驴 胃蛋白酶-胰酶-盲肠液法 精饲料原料 降解率 营养价值 

分 类 号：S822[农业科学—畜牧学]