机舱火灾烟气层高度的确定方法  

Determination method for smoke layer height of engine room fire

作　　者：李营[1] 张年立 侯岳[1] 王军翔 丁磊明 LI Ying;ZHANG Nianli;HOU Yue;WANG Junxiang;DING Leiming(College of Power Engineering,Naval Univ.of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China;Unit No.92337,Dalian 116033,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学动力工程学院,武汉430033 [2]92337部队,辽宁大连116033

出　　处：《海军工程大学学报》2023年第4期7-12,54,共7页Journal of Naval University of Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(201851702364);海军工程大学自主立项基金资助项目(2022930211)。

摘　　要：烟气层高度是火灾安全科学研究的重要参数之一。受限于烟气的不稳定性和易扩散性,人员很难确定船舶机舱等复杂火场内的烟气层高度。因此,以某损管训练舱为背景,通过搭建全尺寸实验平台,采用目测可视法得到烟气层的高度变化情况,并在此基础上比较了3种著名的烟气层高度确定方法(N百分比法、比例积分法和浮力频率法)。实验发现:N百分比法受温度影响较大,其仅适用于温度较低的火灾初期;比例积分法确定的烟气层高度与目测法存在较大差别;浮力频率法确定的烟气层高度与目测法得到的烟气层高度吻合度较好。该研究结论可以帮助学者和消防救援人员加深对船舶机舱火灾中烟气层高度确定方法的理解,指导其进行学术研究和开展消防救援。Smoke layer height is one of the important parameters in fire safety research.Due to the instability and easy diffusion of the smoke,it is difficult to observe the height of the fire smoke layer.Three methods(N-percentage method,proportion integral method and buoyancy frequency method)to determine the height of smoke layer were studied and compared with the smoke layer height obtained by visual observation method by setting up a full-size experimental platform in a loss control training cabin.The results show that the N-percentage method is affected greatly by temperature,and it is only applicable to the initial stage of fire with low temperature;that the smoke layer height determined by proportion integral method differs greatly from that determined by visual method;and that the height of smoke layer determined by buoyancy frequency method is in good agreement with that obtained by visual method.The research conclusions would help scholars and fire-rescue teams conso-lidate their understanding of the methods in determining the height of the smoke layer,and serve as guidance in their academic research and fire rescue efforts.

关 键 词：烟气层高度 目测可视法 N百分比法 比例积分法 浮力频率法 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]