一起学校聚集甲型流感的流行特点和全基因组特征分析  

Epidemic Characteristics and Complete Genome Characteristics Analysis of Influenza A Outbreak in a School

作　　者：丁一[1] 王小羽 窦慧馨 王艳勤 董燕 岳营 贾勇健 焦伯延[1] 江亚娟 Ding Yi;Wang Xiaoyu;Dou Huixin;Wang Yanqin;Dong Yan;Yue Ying;Jia Yongjian;Jiao Boyan;Jiang Yajuan(Jining City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jining Shandong 272000,China;Sishui County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Sishui Shandong 273200,China)

机构地区：[1]济宁市疾病预防控制中心,山东济宁272000 [2]泗水县疾病预防控制中心,山东泗水273200

出　　处：《口岸卫生控制》2023年第4期40-45,共6页Port Health Control

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(202112060725);山东省学校卫生协会科研课题(SDWS2022192);济宁市重点计划研发项目(2021年医学研究和临床医学类-18)。

摘　　要：目的分析2023年3月发生的甲型H_(1)N_(1)流感病毒和季节性H3N2流感病毒共同引起的一起学校聚集流感疫情的流行特点和全基因组特征。方法对聚集疫情开展流行病学调查并采集10份病例咽拭子标本,利用实时荧光定量PCR法进行流感病毒核酸检测,利用MDCK细胞培养流感病毒,利用NEXTSEQ 2000高通量测序仪进行流感病毒全基因组测序,利用生物信息学软件进行序列分析。结果9日内3个班级共报告病例32例;采集的10份标本中甲型H_(1)N_(1)流感病毒阳性2份,季节性H_(3)N_(2)流感病毒阳性3份;培养流感病毒毒株2株。两条序列与疫苗株相比,8个基因节段核苷酸相似性分别为98.44%~98.68%和97.95%~99.34%;两条序列的血凝素(HA)抗原表位未发生漂移,受体结合位点未发生变异,神经氨酸酶(NA)抑制剂耐药位点未发生变异;但发生多个糖基化和磷酸化位点的改变。结论本次学校聚集流感疫情由甲型H1N1流感病毒和季节性H3N2流感病毒共同引起,应加大学校流感防控力度,提升学生流感疫苗接种率。Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and the genetic characteristics of influenza A H_(1)N_(1) virus and seasonal H_(3)N_(2) influenza virus causing a cluster of cases in a school in March 2023.Methods The epide-miological investigation was carried out and 10 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected.The real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR method was used to detect influenza virus.The MDCK cells was used to culture influenza virus.The NEXTSEQ 2000 high-throughput sequencer was used to sequence the whole genome of influenza virus,and the bioinformatics software was used to analysis of sequences.Results A total of 32 influenza-like illness cases were reported from 3 classes within 9 days.2 nasopharyngeal swabs were were positive with influenza A(H1N1)virus and 3 were positive with seasonal H3N2 virus among the 10 specimens collected.2 strains of influenza virus were cul-tured.Compared to the vaccine strain,the homology of nucleic acids of 8 gene segments in the two sequences were 98.44%-98.68% and 97.95%-99.34% respectively.The epitope of HA did not drift.No mutations were found in the receptor binding sites and NA inhibitor resistance sites.But multiple glycosylation and phosphorylation sites were changed.Conclusion The pathogen of the school outbreak were influenza A(H1N1)virus and influenza A(H3N2)virus.It was necessary to enhance prevention and control of school influenza,and increase the influenza vac-cination rate of students.

关 键 词：甲型 H1N1流感病毒 季节性 H_(3)N_(2)流感病毒 学校 全基因组 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]