北京上空热层钠层的激光雷达观测  

Lidar observations of thermospheric Na layers over Beijing

作　　者：吴方 徐亦萌 吴佛菊 焦菁 杜丽芳 郑浩然 王继红 程学武 李发泉 杨国韬 WU Fang;XU YiMeng;WU FuJu;JIAO Jing;DU LiFang;ZHENG HaoRan;WANG JiHong;CHENG XueWu;LI FaQuan;YANG GuoTao(State Key Laboratory of Space Weather,National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Electronic Information School,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Institute of Electromagnetic Wave,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang Henan 453000,China;State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Science,Wuhan 430071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家空间科学中心空间天气学国家重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]武汉大学电子信息学院,武汉430072 [4]河南师范大学电波研究院,河南新乡453000 [5]中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院波谱与原子分子物理国家重点实验室,武汉430071

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2023年第9期3639-3649,共11页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42004134);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2019150);中国科学院稳定支持基础研究领域青年团队计划(YSBR-018)资助。

摘　　要：热层金属层位于电离层E层和F层的过渡区域,为研究105~200 km之间的中性和电离成分的相互作用过程提供了独特的示踪剂.为更好地了解热层金属层的来源和形成机制,本文基于北京延庆台站(40.42°N, 116.02°E)的高精度钠荧光共振激光雷达的数据,根据观测到的热层钠原子层的形态特征和出现规律等以及参考先前的研究报道,将该台站上空的热层钠层主要归类为四种:低热层突发钠层、天亮前热层-电离层钠层、午夜热层-电离层钠层和中纬度热层-电离层钠层.我们对最后一种热层钠层进行了仔细研究,基于2018—2020年415个观测夜共约3914 h的数据,找到了17个该事件(出现率仅4.1%,且多发于冬季).在14个完整事件中,仅约35.7%(5/14)的事件出现时间与附近地基台站观测到的电离层突发E层相似,但均早于电离层突发E层;剩下的9次事件与最近的突发E层的时间相差范围为2.5~8.6 h.因此,我们认为中纬度热层-电离层钠层与电离层突发E层相关性较弱,它应该有着其他可能的形成机制.The thermospheric layers reported are located in the E and F regions of the ionosphere,which can be used as unique tracers for studies of interaction processes between neutral and ionized components in 105~200 km.In order to enhance our understanding of the origin and formation mechanisms of thermospheric layers,this study analyzes the observed sodium(Na)data by a high-sensitivity resonance fluorescence lidar at Yanqing Station,Beijing(40.42°N,116.02°E).According to their morphological characteristics,occurrence frequency,and referring to the previous reports,the thermospheric Na atomic layers observed from the station are mainly classified into the following four types:lower thermosphere sporadic Na layers,dawn thermosphere-ionosphere Na layers,midnight thermosphere-ionosphere Na layers and mid-latitude thermosphere-ionosphere Na layers(Mid-TINa).Then we analyze the last thermospheric Na layer in detail.Based on totaling 415 nights and approximately 3914 hours of observation from 2018 to 2020,there were only about 17 Mid-TINa events found(with an occurrence rate of only 4.1%,mostly in winter).Among the 14 complete events analyzed,only about 35.7%(5/14)of the events'occurrence time is similar but earlier than the Sporadic E(Es)layers observed at the adjacent ground-based station.The remaining 9 events occurred between 2.5 to 8.6 hours after the latest Es layers.This weak correlation suggests that Mid-TINa layers may be triggered by other possible formation mechanisms.

关 键 词：低热层钠层 天亮前热层-电离层钠层 午夜热层-电离层钠层 中纬度热层-电离层钠层 电离层突发E层 

分 类 号：P351[天文地球—空间物理学]