光固化3D打印磷酸钙基生物陶瓷支架的研究进展  

Research Progress on Preparation of Calcium Phosphates Bioceramic Scaffolds by Vat Polymerization 3D Printing

作　　者：董栋 苏海军 李翔[2] 赵迪[2] 樊光娆 申仲琳 刘园 DONG Dong;SU Haijun;LI Xiang;ZHAO Di;FAN Guangrao;SHEN Zhonglin;LIU Yuan(Research&Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen,Shenzhen 518057,Guangdong,China;State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学深圳研究院,广东深圳518057 [2]西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室,西安710072

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第18期62-70,共9页Materials Reports

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金重点项目(2021B1515120028);国家自然科学基金(52130204,52174376);陕西省科技创新团队计划项目(2021TD-17);中央高校基础研究基金(D5000210902);西北工业大学博士论文创新基金(CX2021056,CX2021066)。

摘　　要：磷酸钙基生物陶瓷多孔支架是临床中实现骨缺损再生修复的常用骨移植物。光固化3D打印技术以其优异的打印精度和复杂结构成形特性能够精确地控制支架孔尺寸、孔形状、孔连通率,在制备生物陶瓷多孔支架领域展现出巨大的应用潜力。然而,利用光固化3D打印技术制备磷酸钙基生物陶瓷多孔支架仍面临亟需克服的挑战,如缺乏性能优异的磷酸钙基陶瓷打印浆料、打印及后处理工艺不成熟、制备的磷酸钙基陶瓷多孔支架的性能还有待提升。本文首先介绍了几种常用的光固化3D打印技术基本原理与特征,然后从3D打印成形工艺、力学性能、生物活性、支架结构及功能化等方面系统探讨了光固化3D打印技术在制备磷酸钙基生物陶瓷多孔支架领域的研究进展及存在的问题,最后展望了光固化3D打印磷酸钙基生物陶瓷多孔支架的发展趋势和突破点,为利用光固化3D打印技术制备成本低、综合性能优异的磷酸钙基生物陶瓷多孔支架提供参考。Calcium phosphate bioceramic porous scaffolds are commonly used as bone grafts for regenerative repair of bone defects in clinic.Vat polymerization(VP-based)3D printing techniques are capable of precisely controlling the pore size,pore shape,interconnectivity of scaffold by its excellent printing accuracy and ability of complex structure forming.Therefore,VP-based 3D printing techniques have shown great prospects in the field of fabricating bioceramic porous scaffolds for regenerative repair of bone defects.However,the VP-based 3D printing of calcium phosphate bioceramic porous scaffolds still faces several prickly issues.For example,there is lack of high loading calcium phosphate ceramic slurry with low viscosity and low refractive index difference,and the printing and post-processing processes are immature,and the performance of calcium phosphate ceramic scaffolds needs to be improved.This review briefly introduces the basic principles and characteristics of several commonly used VP-based 3D printing technologies at first,and then systemically explores the research progress and existing problems of VP-based 3D printing techniques in the preparation of calcium phosphate bioceramic porous scaffolds from the aspects of 3D printing forming process,mechanical properties,biological activity,scaffold structure and functionalization.Finally,the development trend and breakthrough points of VP-based 3D printing calcium phosphate bioceramic scaffolds are prospected,in order to provide a new way for the preparation of calcium phosphate bioceramic scaffolds with excellent comprehensive properties and low cost by VP-based 3D printing technologies.

关 键 词：光固化3D打印 生物陶瓷多孔支架 骨缺损 磷酸钙 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]