慢性咳嗽的病因分析  

Etiology analysis of chronic cough

作　　者：郭黎明 吴峰 Guo Liming;Wu Feng(Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Huizhou Third People′s Hospital(Huizhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou Medical University),Huizhou 516002,China)

机构地区：[1]惠州市第三人民医院(广州医科大学附属惠州医院)呼吸与危重症医学科,惠州516002

出　　处：《国际呼吸杂志》2023年第8期925-930,共6页International Journal of Respiration

摘　　要：目的:探讨慢性咳嗽的病因分布以及病因在性别、季节、不同年龄段的分布特点,初步了解惠州地区慢性咳嗽的病因分布,为慢性咳嗽的诊治提供一定的地区流行病学依据。方法:本研究是一项单中心、观察性横断面研究,采用非随机抽样法,以《咳嗽的诊断与治疗指南(2021)》中慢性咳嗽的诊断流程为指导,对2022年1月至2022年12月于惠州市第三人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科慢性咳嗽专科门诊就诊的104例慢性咳嗽患者进行病因诊断,并通过病因治疗与疗效评估(包括视觉模拟评分、咳嗽症状积分、莱切斯特咳嗽问卷)进一步确证。结果:在104例有效病例中,单一病因80例(76.9%),双重病因19例(18.3%),三重病因2例(1.9%),3例(2.9%)病因不明;包括复合病因在内的104例慢性咳嗽患者中,胃食管反流性咳嗽(GERC)占35.6%(37/104)、上气道咳嗽综合征(UACS)占26.9%(28/104)、咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)占22.1%(23/104)、嗜酸粒细胞性支气管炎占10.6%(11/104)、变应性咳嗽占1.9%(2/104)、原因不明2.9%(3/104);慢性咳嗽病因构成在性别、季节、年龄段上差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:GERC、UACS以及CVA是引起本地区慢性咳嗽的常见病因,包括复合病因在内,上述病因占慢性咳嗽总病因的85%。本地区慢性咳嗽病因在性别、季节、不同年龄段的分布差异无统计学意义。Objective To explore the etiological distribution of chronic cough and the characteristics of the etiological distribution of chronic cough in gender,season,and different age groups,and to preliminarily understand the etiological distribution in Huizhou,so as to provide certain clinical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic cough.Methods This was a single-center,observational cross-sectional study using non-random sampling,guided by the diagnostic procedures for chronic cough in the Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cough(2021).Etiology diagnosis was made for the patients with chronic cough who were treated in the chronic cough specialist outpatient Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of the Third People′s Hospital of Huizhou from January 2022 to December 2022.It was further proved by etiological treatment and efficacy evaluation(including Visual Analogue Scale,Cough symptom score,and Leicester cough questionnaire).Results Among the 104 effective cases,80 cases(76.9%)had single etiology,19 cases(18.3%)had double etiology,2 cases(1.9%)had triple etiology,and 3 cases(2.9%)had unknown etiology.Gastroesophageal reflux cough(GERC)accounted for 35.6%(37/104)of the 104 patients with chronic cough,including the combination of causes,and upper airway cough syndrome(UACS)for 26.9%(28/104),cough variant asthma(CVA)for 22.1%(23/104),eosinophilic bronchitis for 10.6%(11/104),allergic cough for 1.9%(2/104),and unknown causes for 2.9%(3/104).There were no significant differences in the etiology of chronic cough in gender,season,and age(all P>0.05).Conclusions Gastroesophageal reflux cough,upper airway cough syndrome,and cough variant asthma are the common causes of chronic cough,which,including compound causes,accounts for 85%of the total causes of chronic cough.There was no significant differences in the distribution of etiology in gender,season,and age group.

关 键 词：慢性咳嗽 病因分布 胃食管反流性咳嗽 上气道咳嗽综合征 咳嗽变异性哮喘 

分 类 号：R441.5[医药卫生—诊断学]