一种电磁耦合馈电宽带宽角扫描微带天线阵列  

A Wideband Wide-scan Aperture Coupled Patch Antenna Array

作　　者：张航宇 汤恒河 刘志惠 孙红兵[1,2] 姜文 ZHANG Hang-yu;TANG Heng-he;LIU Zhi-hui;SUN Hong-bing;JIANG Wen(Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory,Nanjing 210039,China;The 14th Research Institute of CETC,Nanjing 210039,China;Science and Technology on Antenna and Microwave Laboratory,Xidian University,Xi'an 710071,China)

机构地区：[1]天线与微波技术重点实验室,南京210039 [2]中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所,南京210039 [3]西安电子科技大学天线与微波重点实验室,西安710071

出　　处：《微波学报》2023年第4期38-43,共6页Journal of Microwaves

摘　　要：文中提出一种可实现宽频带大角度波束扫描的低剖面相控阵微带贴片天线。为实现宽带特性,该阵列天线采用了缝隙电磁耦合馈电和双层贴片的设计。由于介质基板的堆叠,微带贴片阵列在高频大角度扫描时往往会受到表面波的影响,从而引发高次模谐振并带来扫描盲区。针对这一现象,通过对堆叠的介质基板开槽抑制表面波传播,从而改善高频的阻抗匹配特性。此外,还在贴片两侧加载寄生条带以优化低频阻抗匹配,拓展带宽并保持低剖面外形。该天线剖面高度仅4.6 mm,约为高频波长的0.19倍,可满足许多低剖面载体平台的应用需求。仿真结果显示,该天线在±45°扫描和±60°扫描时可分别实现57.9%(有源驻波比≤2.25)和44.4%(有源驻波比≤2.75)的相对带宽。基于该设计加工了一款8×8阵列样机。阵列样机的驻波及方向图测试结果与8×8阵列的全波仿真结果吻合良好,有效验证了该微带贴片天线阵列的宽带和宽角扫描特性。A low-profile phased antenna array with wideband wide-scan characteristics has been proposed.An aperture coupled feed mechanism and dual-layer radiating patches have been adopted to achieve wideband impedance matching.Due to the piled dielectric slabs,the performance of microstrip patch antenna arrays is normally deteriorated by surface waves and higher-order spurious modes when scanning up to large angles for the high frequencies.To solve this issue,the stacked slabs have been perforated to suppress surface wave propagation,and thus improving the impedance matching property for the high frequencies.Additionally,the performance in the lower band has been further improved by designing two pairs of parasitic strips without increasing the antenna profile.The thickness of the array is only 4.6 mm,which is around 0.19λ_h(λ_(h) refers to the wavelength at the high end of the operating frequency in free space),indicating the good potential for low-profile applications.The simulation results confirm that the proposed array antenna has obtained a relative bandwidth of 57.9% for ±45°scanning with active voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) ≤ 2.25 and a relative bandwidth of 44.4% for ±60°scanning with active VSWR ≤ 2.75.An 8×8 prototype array has been manufactured and an array model has also been built to validate the experimental results.The measured results including active VSWR and radiated patterns are in good consistency with the simulated results of finite array,demonstrating the wideband and wide-scan properties of the patch antenna array.

关 键 词：宽带宽角扫描 低剖面 贴片天线 相控阵 

分 类 号：TN821.8[电子电信—信息与通信工程]