高空核爆电磁脉冲入射情形下航空母舰上鞭状天线耦合特性分析  

Analysis of coupling characteristics of whip antenna on aircraft carrier under incident electromagnetic pulse of high-altitude nuclear electromagnetic pulse

作　　者：陈萌 魏兵[1,2] 何欣波 CHEN Meng;WEI Bing;HE Xinbo(School of Physics,Xidian University,Xi'an 710071,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding,Xi'an University,Xi'an 710071,China)

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学物理学院,陕西西安710071 [2]西安电子科技大学信息感知技术协同创新中心,陕西西安710071

出　　处：《中国舰船研究》2023年第4期20-27,共8页Chinese Journal of Ship Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61901324,62001345,62201411);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2019M653548,2019M663928XB);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(XJS200501,XJS200507,JB200501,XJS222704,QTZX22021,QTZX22033)。

摘　　要：[目的]在考虑海面影响的情况下,研究大型舰船上鞭状天线在高空核爆电磁脉冲(HEMP)入射下的感应电流与脉冲入射角度和天线位置的关系。[方法]考虑海面的影响,采用半空间时域有限差分法(FDTD),用细导线算法解决由于精细结构导致的计算网格量巨大、效率低下的问题,用集总元件FDTD算法计算天线后面负载对感应电流的影响,采用基于多点接口(MPI)的并行算法提高计算效率。[结果]计算结果表明:在HEMP入射的情形下,某航空母舰模型上鞭状天线的感应电流与天线位置和入射角度等有关;典型情形下天线端口处的感应电流峰值为5.6 A。[结论]进一步分析表明,天线端口处感应电流的大小主要取决于天线位置,与脉冲的入射角关系不大。所做研究为大型舰船脉冲电磁波入射情形下的感应电流计算分析提供了算法基础,为舰船电磁兼容问题分析提供理论支撑。[Objectives]Under the condition of considering the influence of the sea surface,the relation-ships between the induced current of a whip antenna on a large ship under the incidence of high-altitude nucle-ar electromagnetic pulse(HEMP)and the incident angle of the pulse and antenna position are studied.[Methods]The half-space finite different time domain(FDTD)method is used to consider the influence of the sea surface;the thin wire algorithm is used to solve the problems of huge computational grid and low effi-ciency caused by the fine structure;the lumped element FDTD method is used to consider the influence of the load behind the antenna on the induced current;and a parallel algorithm based on MPI is used to speed up the calculation.[Results]The results show that the induced current on the whip antenna of an aircraft carrier model is related to the antenna position and incident angle in the HEMP incident case.The peak value of the induced current at the antenna port is 5.6 A in typical cases.[Conclusions]The analysis shows that the mag-nitude of the induced current at the antenna port mainly depends on the antenna position and has little relation-ship with the incident angle of the pulse.The research provides an algorithm basis for the calculation and ana-lysis of induced current in the case of the incident pulse electromagnetic wave of large ships,and the research results provide a theoretical support for the analysis of ship electromagnetic compatibility problems.

关 键 词：时域有限差分法(FDTD) 高空核爆电磁脉冲(HEMP) 半空间加源 细导线算法 天线 航空母舰 

分 类 号：U665.2[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]