钼精矿多膛炉氧化焙烧炉床底料增厚机理分析  

Thickening mechanism of furnace bed bottom material of multi-hearth furnace oxidation roasting for molybdenum concentrate metallurgy

作　　者：符新科[1] 孙博 杨猛 闫剑 韩晓波 翟钰华 王伟安 李小明[2] FU Xinke;SUN Bo;YANG Meng;YAN Jian;HAN Xiaobo;ZHAI Yuhua;WANG Weian;LI Xiaoming(Jinduicheng Molybdenum Co.Ltd.,Huaxian 714104,China;Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]金堆城钼业股份有限公司,陕西华县714104 [2]西安建筑科技大学,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2023年第4期73-80,共8页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

摘　　要：工业上一般采用氧化焙烧-氨浸工艺处理钼精矿,多膛炉在氧化焙烧钼精矿过程中时常出现烧结现象,造成炉床增厚,严重影响生产。针对此问题,本文以某公司钼精矿多膛炉炉床底部增厚料为研究对象,进行垂直立体取样检测,分析样品的物相组成与微观形貌,结果表明,炉底增厚料底层由CaMoO_(4)、CuMoO_(4)、CuSO_(4)、CaSO_(4)等杂质,以及MoO_(3)和MoO_(2)物相组成;中层主要由MoO_(3)以及少量Mo_(4)O_(11)、MoO_(2)和CaSO_(4)等物相组成;顶层主要由MoO_(3)以及极少量Mo_(4)O_(11)、MoO_(2)物相组成。分析认为炉底增厚料初期大量杂质元素在铺底料(SiO_(2))表面富集,形成“黏结”的低熔点化合物;随着生产进行,低熔点化合物和钼氧化物在初期增厚料底层上进一步沉积形成炉底增厚料顶层料,随着生产时间的增长,炉底增厚料不断沉积增厚。通过控制入炉原料杂质元素种类及含量、焙烧温度、物料搅拌强度、焙烧时间、料层厚度等措施可以减小炉底料的增厚速度,减少多膛炉炉床维护,节约生产成本。In industry,molybdenum concentrate is generally treated by oxidation roasting-ammonia leaching process.Sintering often occurs in the process of molybdenum concentrate oxidation roasting in multi-hearth furnace,which causes the the furnace bed thickening and seriously affects the production.In view of this problem,this paper takes the thickening material at the bottom of the multi-hearth furnace bed of a company's as the research object,carries out detection of sample in vertical direction,and analyzes the phase composition and microstructure of the sample.The results show that the bottom layer is formed by impurity elements such as CaMoO_(4),CuMoO_(4),CuSO_(4)and CaSO_(4),as well as the phase composition of MoO_(3)and MoO_(2);the middle layer is mainly composed of MoO_(3)and a small amount of Mo_(4)O_(11),MoO_(2)and CaSO_(4);the top layer is mainly composed of MoO_(3)and a very small amount of Mo_(4)O_(11)and MoO_(2).The analysis shows that a large number of impurity elements are enriched on the surface of the bottom material(SiO_(2))at the initial stage of the bottom thickening material,forming the low melting point compound;as the production progresses,the low melting point compounds and molybdenum oxides are further deposited on the bottom layer to form the top layer of the bottom thickening material.With production going on,the thickening material at the bottom of the furnace is continuously deposited and thickened.By controlling the type and content of impurity elements in raw materials,roasting temperature,material stirring strength,roasting time,material thickness and other measures,the thickening speed of furnace bottom material can be reduced,the maintenance of multi-hearth furnace bed can be reduced,and the production cost can be saved.

关 键 词：钼精矿 氧化焙烧 多膛炉 炉底增厚料 低熔点化合物 杂质元素 料层厚度 

分 类 号：TF806.13[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] TF841.2