高磷鲕状赤铁矿侧吹熔炼试验研究  

Reduction smelting of high phosphorus oolitic hematite

作　　者：汪兴楠 陈学刚[1] 郭亚光[1] 高永亮 李东波[1] WANG Xingnan;CHEN Xuegang;GUO Yaguang;GAO Yongliang;LI Dongbo(China ENFI Engineering Corporation,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国恩菲工程技术有限公司,北京100038

出　　处：《中国有色冶金》2023年第4期128-135,共8页China Nonferrous Metallurgy

摘　　要：针对高磷鲕状赤铁矿现有冶炼工艺难以生产低磷铁水的问题,本文提出采用富氧侧吹还原熔炼技术处理高磷鲕状赤铁矿冶炼低磷铁水,在原料分析、热力学计算的基础上,进行了还原熔炼试验,并对还原体系进行了平衡计算,得到以下结论。矿物分析表明,该矿石具有典型的鲕状结构,鲕粒中赤铁矿主要分布在与脉石矿物形成的同心环状包裹构造的壳层中,铁、磷难以进行物理分离。热力学计算表明,高磷鲕状赤铁矿在1450~1600℃温度范围内进行还原时,磷以单质磷形式还原进入金属铁相,不能以磷氧化物形式挥发;仅在CaO存在的条件下,H_(2)O及CO_(2)才与Fe_(3)P反应,使磷以Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)形式进入渣中。还原熔炼试验表明,矿热炉工艺中铁水中的磷含量大于1.0%,而侧吹炉还原工艺中铁水中磷含量可降低到0.45%。平衡计算表明,随着O_(2)/CH_(4)的增加和配炭比的降低,Fe的回收率减少;生铁中w[C]随着生铁中w[P]降低而降低。该研究表明,富氧侧吹还原技术具有熔池搅拌能力强、氧势及温度可灵活控制的优势,可强化铁中除磷、渣中留磷的冶炼条件,实现含磷铁基矿物的高效、短流程冶炼。本文研究结果为富氧侧吹工艺处理高磷鲕状赤铁矿的工业应用及推广提供理论基础和工艺参数指导。Aiming at the difficulty of producing low phosphorus molten iron in the existing smelting process of high phosphorus oolitic hematite,the oxygen-rich side-blown reduction smelting technology of high phosphorus oolitic hematite to produce low phosphorus molten iron was proposed based on raw material analysis,thermodynamic calculation,reduction smelting test and reduction system balance calculation.The following conclusions were obtained.Mineral analysis showed that high phosphorus hematite has a typical oolitic structure,and hematite was mainly distributed in the shell of concentric ring wrapping structure formed with gangue minerals,which was not conducive to the physical separation of iron oxide and gangue.Thermodynamic analysis shows that at 1450~1600℃,phosphorus elements in the high phosphorus oolitic hematite can be reduced in the form of elemental phosphorus and enter the metallic iron phase,but cannot be volatilized in the form of phosphorus oxides.Only in the presence of CaO,H_(2)O and CO_(2)reacted with Fe_(3)P to bring phosphorus into the slag in the form of Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2).The reduction smelting test showed that the phosphorus content in molten iron produced by the thermal furnace was greater than 1.0%,while the side-blown furnace was reduced to 0.45%.The equilibrium calculation showed that the recovery of Fe decreased with the increase of O_(2)/CH_(4)and the decrease of carbon ratio;w[C]in molten iron decreased with w[P]in molten iron.This study showed that the oxygen-rich side blowing reduction smelting technology had the advantages of the strong performance of molten pool stirring,oxygen potential regulation and temperature control,which strengthened the smelting conditions of phosphorus removal in iron and phosphorus retention in slag,so as to realize the efficient and short process treatment of phosphate-bearing iron base minerals.This paper can provide theoretical basis and process parameter guidance for the industrial application and promotion of oxygen-rich side-blown reduction smelting of

关 键 词：高磷鲕状赤铁矿 富氧侧吹还原熔炼 低磷铁水 含磷铁基矿物 短流程冶炼 

分 类 号：TF55[冶金工程—钢铁冶金] TF513