镍基单晶高温合金的研发进展  

Recent Progress in Research and Development of Nickel-Based Single Crystal Superalloys

作　　者：张健[1] 王莉[1] 谢光[1] 王栋[1] 申健[1] 卢玉章[1] 黄亚奇 李亚微 ZHANG Jian;WANG Li;XIE Guang;WANG Dong;SHEN Jian;LU Yuzhang;HUANG Yaqi;LI Yawei(Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology of China,Shenyang 110016,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院金属研究所,沈阳110016 [2]中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院,沈阳110016

出　　处：《金属学报》2023年第9期1109-1124,共16页Acta Metallurgica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目Nos.2021YFB3702900,2021YFA1600603和2022YFB3705000;国家自然科学基金项目Nos.5227-1042,52071219,52201151,U2141206和U2241283;国家科技重大专项项目Nos.P2022-C-IV-001-001,P2021-AB-IV-001-002,J2019-IV-0006-0074和J2019-VI-0010-0124;中国科学院依托中国散裂中子源的定向性建制化科研平台项目;中国科学院国际伙伴计划项目No.172GJHZ2022095FN;哈尔滨工业大学金属精密热加工国家级重点实验室项目No.JCKYS2022603C008。

摘　　要：单晶高温合金是先进航空发动机、燃气轮机的核心热端材料,单晶叶片要求高、制造工艺复杂、容错空间小,在高温、复杂应力、氧化和热腐蚀等苛刻环境下工作。本文概述了近几年镍基单晶高温合金在合金研制、组织性能演化和表征、近服役环境下力学行为评价以及叶片制造工艺等方面的研发进展,并简单介绍了难熔高熵合金等“下一代”新型高温结构材料的研发情况。Single crystal Ni-based superalloys are key materials used in the hot section of aeroengines and industrial gas turbines.In service,single crystal blades face harsh environments,including high temperatures,complex stresses,oxidation and hot corrosion.Therefore,they must meet strict technical specifications,such as impurity,defects and dimensional control.Single crystal components should be manufactured using complex technologies within a highly narrow processing window.The present paper reviews recent progress in the research and development of alloy design,microstructure and property evolution and characterization,evaluation in near-service conditions,and single crystal manufacture.Further,the development of “next generation” high-temperature structural materials,such as refractory highentropy alloys,is briefly discussed.

关 键 词：单晶高温合金 合金设计 力学性能 定向凝固 

分 类 号：TG132.3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]