基于WOA优化模糊PID的设施智能水肥系统设计与实现  

Design and Implementation of Facility Intelligent Water and Fertilizer System Based on WOA Optimization Fuzzy PID

作　　者：赵泽能 许敏界 华珊[2] 李双伟 徐志福[2] 韩恺源 陈贵才 ZHAO Ze-neng;XU Ming-jie;HUA Shan;LI Shuang-wei;XU Zhi-fu;HAN Kai-yuan;CHEN Gui-cai(School of Biological and Chemical Engineering,Zhejiang University of Science and Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China;Institute of Agricultural Equipment,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江科技学院生物与化学工程学院,浙江杭州310023 [2]浙江省农业科学院农业装备研究所,浙江杭州310021

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2023年第9期64-70,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划“特色果树高效栽培数字化技术研究与应用-杨梅高效促成栽培数字化技术研究与应用”(2023C02031)。

摘　　要：为解决传统水肥灌溉难以精准施肥以及水资源浪费的问题,针对当前水肥系统自适应能力差,存在非线性、时变性和滞后性以及自动化程度低等难点,设计了一套适用于设施农业的智能水肥远程控制系统。该系统通过基于鲸鱼优化算法(Whale Optimization Algorithm,WOA)优化模糊PID调控本地端电动球阀开度进而精确控制水肥溶液电导率(EC),实现远程控制电导率至设定范围。利用MATLAB/Simulink对PID、模糊PID、以及基于WOA优化的模糊PID控制系统进行仿真,发现较传统的PID控制模型,系统的超调量仅为PID控制的2.7%,调节时间缩短了86.5%,稳态误差降低了99.8%。实现了智能终端对传感器数据实时监测和智能算法对水肥溶液EC值远程精确控制,具有较高的实际运用价值。There are difficulties in the current water and fertilizer system,such as poor adaptive ability,nonlinearity,time-varying,lag and low automation level.To solve the problems of precision fertilization and waste of water resources in traditional water and fertilizer irrigation,this study designed an intelligent water and fertilizer remote control system,which is suitable for facility agriculture.In the system,fuzzy PID was optimized based on the Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA),which controls the opening of local electric ball valves and then precisely controls the electrical conductivity(EC)of water and fertilizer solution,realizing remote control of the electrical conductivity in the setting range.MATLAB/Simulink was used to simulate PID,fuzzy PID and WOA-optimized fuzzy PID control system.The results showed that the overshoot of the system was only 2.7%of the PID control,the adjustment time decreased by 86.5%,and the steady-state error increased by 99.8%,compared to the traditional PID control model.This study has achieved real-time monitoring of sensor data by the intelligent terminal and the remote precise control of EC value of water and fertilizer solution by intelligent algorithms,which is important to practical application.

关 键 词：智能水肥系统 鲸鱼优化算法 WOA优化 模糊PID 电导率 超调量 调节时间 稳态误差 

分 类 号：S275[农业科学—农业水土工程] TP273[农业科学—农业工程]