中华绒螯蟹白壳和绿壳品系成蟹可食率、类胡萝卜素含量和营养组成的比较  

Comparison of edible yield,carotenoid content and nutritional composition between the white carapace strain and green carapace strain of adult Eriochier sinensis

作　　者：张冬冬 范陈伟 姜晓东[1] 成永旭[1,2,3] 吴旭干[1,2,3] ZHANG Dongdong;FAN Chenwei;JIANG Xiaodong;CHENG Yongxu;WU Xugan(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,农业农村部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306

出　　处：《水产学报》2023年第9期120-132,共13页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2018YFD0900103,2018YFD0900603);现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-48);上海市教育发展基金会曙光计划(17SG46);上海市崇明区“可持续发展科技创新行动计划”项目(CK2022-39);上海市科委“科技创新行动计划”农业科技领域项目(23N71900100)。

摘　　要：为了评估白壳中华绒螯蟹与广泛养殖的绿壳品系成蟹营养品质是否存在差异,本实验通过采集白壳新品系与正常绿壳品系扣蟹在相同池塘中养至性腺发育成熟的商品蟹,测定其可食率、类胡萝卜素含量和营养组成。结果显示,两种色泽中华绒螯蟹组织系数、可食率和肥满度均无显著差异;白壳品系蟹壳湿样和干样亮度值(L^(*))显著高于绿壳品系,但红度值(a^(*))显著低于绿壳品系,肝胰腺和卵巢色泽参数无显著差异。白壳品系蟹壳总类胡萝卜素和虾青素含量显著低于绿壳品系,但两品系肝胰腺和卵巢中类胡萝卜素含量和组成均无显著差异。两种品系可食组织部分常规生化组成含量无显著差异,但白壳雌蟹肌肉中C20:4n6比例显著高于绿壳,绿壳雌蟹肝胰腺中18:0、18:2n6和DHA/EPA比例均显著高于白壳品系。两品系肌肉中大部分氨基酸组成和必需氨基酸评分均无显著差异,白壳雌体肌肉中异亮氨酸和酪氨酸含量显著低于绿壳雌体。研究表明,白壳和绿壳品系仅蟹壳的色泽和类胡萝卜素含量方面具有显著差异,其可食率、可食组织的常规生化成分、主要类胡萝卜素含量、脂肪酸组成和氨基酸含量接近,说明白壳品系中华绒螯蟹具有较大的推广潜力。研究结果为中华绒螯蟹白壳品系种质资源评价和进一步选育提供理论依据。Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)is an important aquaculture species in China,with annual culture production of around 800,000 tons.Although more than 90%of adult E.sinensis have green carapace and limbs,there are a very small percentage of crabs with uncommon carapace color in wild or domesticated populations,including purple,yellow,red and white ones.Color is an important economic trait for customer acceptance and economic value of Chinese mitten crab,making it a potential target trait for the genetic breeding of this species.E.sinensis with white carapace is a new strain introduced by genetic breeding programs,which has several characteristics including heritable white color and fast growth rate.However,it remains unclear how the white strain compares to the normal green strain of adult E.sinensis in total edible yield and nutritional quality.Therefore,juvenile crabs of the two strains were reared in the same pond until the commercial size,and their edible yield,carotenoid content and nutritional composition were compared.The study showed the following.①There were no significant differences in tissue coefficient,edible yield,and conditional factor between white and green E.sinensis.(P>0.05).②The lightness(L^(*))value in wet and dry samples of the white strain was significantly higher than that of the green strain,but the redness(a^(*))value was significantly lower in the white strain(P>0.05).No significant differences were found in color parameters in hepatopancreas and ovaries(P>0.05).③The contents of total carotenoid and astaxanthin in the carapace of the white strain were significantly lower than those of the green strain(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in hepatopancreas and ovaries between the two strains(P>0.05).④There was no significant difference in the content of proximate composition in edible tissue while some differences existed in fatty acid composition between the two strains.The C20:4n6 in the muscle of white females was significantly higher than that of green stra

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 白壳色品系 类胡萝卜素 脂肪酸 氨基酸 

分 类 号：S966.16[农业科学—水产养殖]