赋写民族:和瑛《西藏赋》的边地书写  

Fu Writing Nation:The Frontier Writing of Heying's Fu on Tibet

作　　者：马言 安相 MA Yan;AN Xiang(Guizhou University of Finance and Economics,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;General Office of Guizhou Provincial Party Committee,Guiyang,Guizhou 550002,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州财经大学,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省委办公厅,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《贵州民族研究》2023年第4期194-199,共6页Guizhou Ethnic Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“历代赋论整理研究”(项目编号:19ZDA249);2020年度贵州财经大学人才引进科研启动项目“六朝辞赋语用研究”(项目编号:2021YJ001)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在清代国家版图拓展基础上和乾嘉考据风气影响下,《西藏赋》改变了汉代以来大赋以中原都邑为主的书写形式,转而以边疆陌生地方西藏为铺叙对象。同时,边地书写方法具有历史的因承和创新,继承了汉大赋“体国经野,义尚光大”的传统,不仅以纵横铺排的形式有序描绘区域内物事,而且又重在具体物事的性状描绘,以知识性介绍为主。这篇赋作改变汉大赋以来的虚夸传统,以“赋志互补”的心理,真实记录藏地情况,因而被当作史志材料广泛引用。尤为特别的是,改变汉大赋单纯的汉语书写,而是以蒙藏词语书写藏族,揭示中央朝廷对藏地的管理与施政,蕴含大一统的国家意识,具有突出的国家意义。On the basis of the expansion of the national territory in the Qing Dynasty and the influence of the Qianjia textual research atmosphere,the"Tibetan Fu"changed the writing form of the ethnic groups mainly focusing on Central China since the Han Dynasty,and instead focused on the unfamiliar border region of Tibet as the narrative object.At the same time,the method of border writing has historical inheritance and innovation,inheriting the tradition of the Han Dynasty's Fu"governing the country and the countryside,and upholding righteousness and grandeur"while orderly depicting the objects in the area in a vertical and horizontal layout and focusing on the description of the specific characteristics of the objects,mostly a knowledge-based introduction.Changing the exaggeration tradition popular since the Han Dynasty's Fu,with a mentality of"complementary Fu(an essay writing)and Zhi(record)",this new style of writing truthfully recorded the situation of the Tibetan area,which has been widely cited as historical documents.It is particularly worth mentioning the change from the Han style of Han Grand Fu to the use of Mongolian and Tibetan language to describe the Tibetan ethnic group,revealing the management and governance of the central feudal government over the Tibetan region,which embodies a unified national consciousness and has prominent national significance.

关 键 词：和瑛 西藏赋 边地 民族 大一统 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]