广州市近20年耕地资源时空分布特征及其演变规律  

Spatio-temporal distribution characteristics and evolution law of cultivated land resources in Guangzhou in recent 20 years

作　　者：苏丽洁 刘振华[1] 胡月明 邹润彦 彭一平 周悟 SU Li-jie;LIU Zhen-hua;HU Yue-ming;ZOU Run-yan;PENG Yi-ping;ZHOU Wu(College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou 570100,China;South China Institute of Natural Resources Science and Technology,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642 [2]海南大学热带作物学院,海南海口570100 [3]广州市华南自然资源科学技术研究院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2023年第4期978-988,共11页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U1901601);国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1100204);2019年省级乡村振兴战略专项——农业科技创新及推广项目(2019KJ132);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2021A1515011643)。

摘　　要：广州市是中国快速城市化的典型地区,研究广州市耕地资源时空分布特征及其与快速城市化发展的内在联系,可为缓解快速城市化地区的人地矛盾提供参考,进而为政府部门制定耕地资源保护与利用政策提供支撑。本研究采用耕地年均变化率、耕地相对变化率和区域耕地质量等别等指标对广州市2005-2018年耕地资源数量和质量的时空分布特征进行分析,并利用ARCGIS软件对广州市各区的耕地质量聚集特征及耕地质心时空演变规律进行探讨。结果表明:(1)广州市耕地面积从2005年的91880.08 hm^(2)下降到2018年82440.10 hm^(2),各区耕地年变化率差异大,耕地相对变化率空间分布呈现由市中心向外逐渐减缓的格局;(2)广州市耕地质量等别范围为1~6等,其中1~4等优等耕地占97%。2005至2018年,平均耕地质量等别提升了0.12个等级,耕地质量呈稳中有升的趋势;(3)耕地质量空间格局呈现质量好的耕地在广州西南部越来越聚集以及增城中部越来越分散,质量差的耕地在东北部越来越分散,其他小范围分布地区越来越聚集的规律;(4)广州市耕地质心整体往东北方向移动,各区的耕地质心有不同的移动模式,且与各区的城市空间发展战略相吻合。快速城市化过程对广州市耕地资源时空分布特征造成显著影响,亦对区域的经济、城市可持续发展和生态环境稳定产生了新的挑战,因此,严格落实耕地进出平衡,有效防止耕地“非粮化”;加快高标准农田建设,提升耕地质量;坚持土地节约集约利用,优化耕地空间格局,以促进城市经济、文化、生态健康可持续发展。Guangzhou is a typical area of rapid urbanization in China.Studying the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of cultivated land resources in Guangzhou and its internal relationship with rapid urbanization development can provide reference for alleviating the contradiction between people and land in rapid urbanization areas,and then provide support for government departments to formulate policies for the protection and utilization of cultivated land resources.In this study,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the quantity and quality of cultivated land resources in Guangzhou from 2005 to 2018 were analyzed by using the average annual change rate of cultivated land,the relative change rate of cultivated land and the average value of regional cultivated land quality.The spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of cultivated land quality aggregation and cultivated land centroid in each district of Guangzhou were discussed by using ARCGIS software.The results showed that the area of cultivated land in Guangzhou decreased from 91880.08 hm^(2) in 2005 to 82440.10 hm^(2) in 2018.The annual change rate of cultivated land in each district was quite different,and the spatial distribution of the relative change rate of cultivated land gradually slowed down from the city center to the outside.The quality of cultivated land in Guangzhou ranged from grade 1 to grade 6,of which grade 1-4 accounted for more than 97%.From 2005 to 2018,the average cultivated land quality grade increased by 0.12 grades,and the quality of cultivated land showed a steady upward trend.The spatial pattern of cultivated land quality showed that the cultivated land with good quality was more and more concentrated in the southwest of Guangzhou and dispersed in middle of Zengcheng.The cultivated land with poor quality was more and more dispersed in the northeast,while more and more concentrated in other small-scale distribution areas.The centroid of cultivated land in Guangzhou moved to the northeast as a whole.The cen

关 键 词：广州市 耕地资源 时空分布特征 演变规律 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]