中国主要农作物可收集秸秆能源潜力与生物乙醇生产潜力研究  

Energy Potential and Bioethanol Production Potential from Collectable Major Crop Residue in China

作　　者：舒也 刘雅暄 刘苗苗 毕军[1] SHU Ye;LIU Yaxuan;LIU Miaomiao;BI Jun(State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,School of the Environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学环境学院污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《北京理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第5期64-72,共9页Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72222012);江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金项目(BK20220014)。

摘　　要：农作物秸秆是一种重要而丰富的生物质资源,准确估算其生物能源潜力对促进可再生能源利用和环境可持续发展具有重要意义。基于小麦、水稻和玉米的县域产量数据,结合分省的作物秸秆系数,估算2015年中国县域尺度小麦、水稻和玉米的可收集秸秆产量、潜在生物能源潜力和生物乙醇生产潜力。结果表明,在充分考虑秸秆收割系数和运输成本影响的情况下,2015年中国小麦、水稻和玉米的可收集农作物秸秆总量为5.01亿吨;总生物能源潜力达到2.44亿吨等量标准煤,约占2015年中国能源消耗总量的5.68%;生物乙醇生产潜力为0.81亿吨。中国潜在生物质能源分布呈现强烈的空间异质性,分布密度呈现东高西低的趋势,主要集中在黄淮海平原和东北平原这两大粮食主产区。总结而言,中国小麦、水稻和玉米秸秆内含巨大的潜在生物质能源潜力,进一步提升秸秆能源利用有助于缓解中国日益严峻的能源危机,同时带来显著的环境收益。Crop residue is an important and abundant biomass resource.Accurate estimation of its bioenergy potential is important for promoting renewable energy use and sustainable environmental development.Based on the county-level crop yield data and crop residue coefficients by province,this study estimates China’s collectible residue production,bioenergy potential,and bioethanol production potential of wheat,rice,and maize at the county level in 2015.The results show that after considering the limitations of residue harvesting coefficients and transportation costs,the total collectible crop residue of wheat,rice,and maize in China in 2015 was 501 million tons.The total bioenergy potential reached 244 million tons of equivalent standard coal,accounting for about 5.68%of China’s total energy consumption in 2015.The theoretical production of bioethanol was 81 million tons.In addition,biomass energy potentials in China exhibit strong spatial heterogeneity.It presents a decreasing trend from the east to the west,and the hotspots are concentrated in the two major grain-producing regions,the Huang-Huai-Hai plain and the Northeast Plain.In summary,significant latent biomass energy potential exists within the residues of Chinese wheat,rice,and maize.Further advancement in the utilization of maize residues as an energy source holds promise for alleviating China's increasingly severe energy crisis,while concurrently yielding substantial environmental benefits.

关 键 词：农作物秸秆 生物质能源 生物乙醇 能源利用 能源潜力 

分 类 号：F323.214[经济管理—产业经济]