采后不同光照预处理对雾培马铃薯原原种中SGAs含量、绿变程度及发芽率的影响  

Effects of Different Light Pre-treatment on SGAs Content,Green Degree and Germination Rate of Quality Aeroponic Potato Seeds After Postharvest

作　　者：张敏敏[1] 裴怀弟[1] 朱天地 陈琛[1] 李守强[2] ZHANG Minmin;PEI Huaidi;ZHU Tiandi;CHEN Chen;LI Shouqiang(Institute of Biotechnology,Gansu Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China;Institute of Agricultural Products Storage and Processing,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院生物技术研究所,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院农产品贮藏加工研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2023年第9期1345-1355,共11页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：甘肃省重点研发计划(GNKJ-2020-2);国家自然科学基金(31860459);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-09-P26);甘肃省农业科学院中青年基金(2019GAAS43)~~。

摘　　要：为了提高雾培马铃薯原原种的贮藏品质,为优质种子的采后预处理提供科学指导,研究采后不同光照预贮处理对雾培马铃薯原原种中SGAs含量、叶绿素含量及发芽率的影响。探讨了通过种薯薯皮绿变程度判断SGAs含量并快速评价预处理效果的可行性。在温度20℃,相对湿度75%±5%条件下,设定3个光照度:L1(1000 lx)、L6(6000 lx)、L12(12000 lx),同时设置D(黑暗预贮)、S(室温散射光预贮)2个对照,分析采后不同光照度预处理对雾培马铃薯原原种失重率、叶绿素含量、薯皮色度、SGAs含量及发芽率的影响。结果表明:随着预贮时间的延长,5个处理组的失重率、SGAs含量均呈现出增加趋势,且光照度越大,失重率和SGAs含量越大,预处理结束时,L12组的失重率达4.99%,SGAs含量达0.449 mg·g^(-1),分别比D组增长43.8%和95.2%。在预贮处理期间,黑暗处理组(D)中叶绿素含量无明显变化,而光照处理组中,直射光(L1、L6、L12)的影响大于散射光(S),且光照时间越长、光照度越大,叶绿素含量增长越快;a*值作为薯皮色度评价标准,其下降趋势跟叶绿素的增长趋势一致,即叶绿素含量越高,a*值越小,薯皮绿变程度越重;经不同光照度处理的种薯在休眠期结束后,所有处理组种薯的发芽率和芽长均随时间的增加呈上升趋势,L6组(6000 lx)光照处理最利于雾培马铃薯原原种的发芽,贮藏第9天,L6组的发芽率已达90.67%,贮藏第18天时,发芽率已接近100%,明显高于其他处理组。通过对各指标进行相关性分析,发现SGAs含量与发芽率呈现显著正相关,相关系数为0.845(P<0.05)。由此可知,采后雾培马铃薯原原种在6000 lx(L6组)光照条件下,进行贮藏前预处理,可促进SGAs含量的增加,能有效提高休眠期后种薯的发芽率;同时,SGAs含量与叶绿素含量呈极显著正相关,与a*值呈显著负相关,因此在实际应用中,可以根据薯皮绿变情况判断种薯的预处理效果,�In order to improve the storage quality of quality potato seeds,and provide a guidance for their postharvest pretreatment.The experiment investigated the effects of various light pre-storage treatments on SGAs,chlorophyll content and germination rate of quality aeroponics potato seeds.In addition,the study explored the feasibility of using the greening degree of seed potato peel to assess SGAs content and quickly evaluate the pre-treatment effect.The study was conducted at a temperature of 20℃and relative humidity of 75%±5%,with three light intensities(L1,L6 and L12)set at 1000 lx,6000 lx and 12000 lx,respectively.Two pre-storage treatments,D(dark pre-storage)and S(room temperature scattered light pre-storage),were also set to analyze the effects of light pre-treatments on the weight loss rate,chlorophyll content,peelcolor,SGAs content and germination rate of quality aeroponics potato seeds.We observed an increasing trend in the weight loss rate and SGAs content of the five treatment groups as the pre-storage time was extended.We found that the weight loss rate and SGAs content were greater with higher light intensity.At the end of pretreatment,the weight loss rate of L12 group was 4.99%,and the SGAs content was 0.449 mg·g^(-1),representing a 43.8%and 95.2%increase over the D group,respectively.During the pre-storage treatment,we observed no significant change in chlorophyll content in the dark treatment group(D).however,in the light treatment group,direct light(L1,L6,L12)had a greater effect than that of scattered light(S).Furthermore,we found that chlorophyll content increased faster with longer light time and greater light intensity.To evaluate potato peel color,we used the a*value,which displayed a downward treend consistent with the growth of chlorophyll.In other words,a higher chlorophyll content resulted in a smaller a*value,indicating a heavier green degree of potato peel.Finally,after the dormancy period of seed potatoes treated with different light treatments,we observed an upward trend in the germi

关 键 词：光照处理 马铃薯原原种 绿变 生物碱 发芽率 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]