中华鲟溃疡病的组织病理学观察  

Histopathological Observations of Ulcerative Disease in Chinese Sturgeon(Acipenser sinensis)

作　　者：田甜 TIAN Tian(Hubei Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Project for Conservation of Fishes,Institute of Chinese Sturgeon,China Three Gorges Corporation,Yichang 443100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国长江三峡集团有限公司中华鲟研究所、三峡工程鱼类资源保护湖北省重点实验室,湖北宜昌443100

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2023年第8期62-66,共5页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

摘　　要：为了对患溃疡病中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)进行病因初步探讨,本试验主要采用组织切片技术,对患病中华鲟的肝脏、脾脏、肾脏和肠道组织进行病理学观察。结果显示,患病中华鲟4种组织经苏木精-伊红染色后,光学显微镜下观察可见肝脏组织结构紊乱,肝细胞广泛空泡化,大量肝细胞破裂,结构消失,出现大面积坏死灶;脾脏实质内结构松散,细胞间间隙变大;头肾中网状组织结构疏松,体肾肾间质疏松,肾小球萎缩,少量肾小管上皮细胞坏死脱落;肠道毛细血管内淤血。对肝脏组织进行抗酸染色,光学显微镜下观察到大量略弯曲的杆状细菌聚集在一起,符合分枝杆菌的染色特征。结果表明,肝脏是中华鲟溃疡病损伤的最主要靶器官,分枝杆菌感染可能是引起肝脏淤血、广泛空泡化,并导致肝脏门脉压力增高,进而造成脾脏、肾脏等器官空泡变性、淤血的主要原因。随着病程的延长,肝脏进一步恶化,大面积坏死致使患病中华鲟肝脏功能衰竭而死亡。In order to preliminarily explore the pathogenesis of ulcerative disease in Chinese sturgeon(Acipenser sinensis),this study primarily employed tissue section techniques to conduct histopathological observations on the liver,spleen,kidney,and intestine of affected Chinese sturgeon.The results showed that after staining with hematoxylin-eosin,optical microscopy revealed disordered liver tissue structure,extensive hepatocyte vacuolation,massive hepatocyte rupture,complete loss of structure,and the presence of large necrotic foci.The spleen showed loose parenchymal structure with increased intercellular spaces.In the head kidney,the reticular tissue structure was sparse,and the interstitial tissue of the trunk kidney was loose,with atrophied renal glomeruli and some epithelial cells of the renal tubules showing necrosis and shedding.The intestinal capillaries exhibited congestion.Ziehl neelsen staining of the liver tissue revealed a large number of slightly curved rod-shaped bacteria clustered together,consistent with the staining characteristics of Mycobacterium.These findings indicated that the liver is the primary target organ of ulcerative disease in Chinese sturgeon,and Mycobacterium infection may lead to liver congestion,extensive vacuolation,and increased portal vein pressure,thereby causing the main reasons for vacuolar degeneration and congestion in the spleen,kidney,and other organs.As the disease progresses,the liver further deteriorates,leading to massive necrosis and subsequent hepatic failure,resulting in the death of affected Chinese sturgeon.

关 键 词：中华鲟 溃疡病 组织病理学观察 

分 类 号：S855.1[农业科学—临床兽医学]