细胞外囊泡在病毒生命周期中的作用  

Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Virus Life Cycle

作　　者：李芳韬 孙洪磊[1] LI Fang-tao;SUN Hong-lei(National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety,College of Veterinary Medicine,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;National Reference Laboratory for Classical Swine Fever,China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物医学院、兽医公共卫生安全全国重点实验室,北京海淀100193 [2]中国兽医药品监察所、国家猪瘟参考实验室,北京海淀100081

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2023年第8期93-96,共4页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32202791)。

摘　　要：细胞外囊泡(EVs)具有一种源自细胞质膜或多囊体(MVB)的脂质双分子层球状膜性结构,其外部结构和释放过程与部分病毒类似。本文介绍了EVs的结构、分类及其对病毒入侵宿主和病毒组装的重要影响。分析表明,EVs作为细胞内容物的运输工具,是调节局部细胞微环境和远距离信号传导的关键介质,并且对病毒入侵宿主和病毒组装过程具有重要调控作用,而病毒感染使EVs在细胞之间以及细胞内发挥的作用更加复杂。本文旨在通过对EVs在病毒生命周期中的作用进行归纳总结,对病毒感染过程中EVs的功能有更深入的了解。Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are lipid bilayer membrane structures derived from the cytoplasmic membrane or multivesicular body(MVB),and their external structure and release process are similar to some viruses.This article introduces the structure,classification,and significant impact of EVs on viral invasion of the host and assembly.The analysis indicates that EVs,as transport vehicles for cellular contents,play a crucial role in regulating the local cellular microenvironment and long-distance signal transduction.They also have important regulatory functions in viral invasion of the host and the viral assembly process.However,viral infection makes the roles of EVs in intercellular and intracellular interactions more complex.This review aims to summarize the role of EVs in the virus life cycle,providing a deeper understanding of the functions of EVs during viral infections.

关 键 词：细胞外囊泡 病毒 病毒生命周期 

分 类 号：Q939.47[生物学—微生物学]