水稻株型的分子机理研究进展  

Advances in the Molecular Mechanism of Rice Plant Type

作　　者：兰金松 庄慧 LAN Jinsong;ZHUANG Hui(Rice Research Institute College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Southwest University/Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学,农学与生物科技学院,水稻研究所/转基因作物应用与安全控制重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2023年第5期449-458,共10页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32100287);中国博士后基金资助项目(2020M683219)。

摘　　要：株型是水稻产量的重要决定因素,创制理想株型品种是提高水稻产量的重要途径。20世纪50年代的矮化育种和70年代的杂交水稻培育是水稻增产的两次革命,但近几年水稻产量增长放缓,通过理想株型与杂种优势的结合进而实现超高产将成为第三次育种革命的关键。本文简要回顾了水稻株型分子调控机理的最新研究概况,重点关注了叶形、穗型和粒型等方面所取得的进展,并展望了水稻理想株型未来的研究趋势,为通过分子设计育种创制水稻理想株型,进一步提高水稻产量提供参考。The plant type of rice is one of the major factors determining rice yield.The ideotype of high-yielding rice cultivar is an important way to increase rice yield potential in rice breeding.Dwarf breeding in the 1950s and hybrid rice breeding in the 1970s are two revolutions in rice yield.However,the growth rate of rice yield has slowed down significantly in recent years.The third yield breakthrough depends on the super-high-yield breeding that combines ideotype with heterosis.We briefly reviewed the advances in the regulation mechanism of rice plant architecture,focusing on the progress achieved in leaf,panicle,grain and other aspects,and looked forward to the future research trends rice ideotype.It will lay a solid foundation for improving rice plant type and further increasing rice yield through molecular breeding.

关 键 词：水稻 理想株型 叶形 穗型 粒型 分子设计 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]