隐匿与可见:新冠疫情前后城市双薪家庭家务劳动及分工的状态与感知  

Concealment versus Visibility:Status and Perception of Domestic Work and its Division in Urban Dual-Income Families over the Course of COVID-19 Pandemic

作　　者：张冠李 杨力超[1] ZHANG Guan-Li;YANG Li-Chao(School of Sociology,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学社会学院,北京100875

出　　处：《妇女研究论丛》2023年第4期89-105,共17页Journal of Chinese Women＇s Studies

摘　　要：基于对19户家庭的深度访谈,本文呈现并探讨城市双薪家庭家务劳动与分工在新冠疫情前后的变化及原因。通过建立二元分析框架,本文将真实的家务劳动与分工状态和家庭成员对其的判断、认识与感受共同纳入研究视域,强调平行于事实的家务劳动感知的重要意义。研究发现,城市双薪家庭的家务劳动样态与分工受制度文化、权力结构、人员流动、外部情境的影响。家庭成员倾向于将从事家务劳动认定为一种“顾家”的品质与家庭内部的平衡机制,并将其内化为一种生活习惯,这使得家务劳动时常“隐匿”于日常生活之中。新冠疫情重塑家务劳动样态,并通过调整家庭空间和家庭关系,使家务劳动与分工变得可见、可感。然而,这一变化并不稳定持久,在后疫情时代,家务劳动又退回“不可见”的状态。家务劳动的可见化与对家务分工的感知、言说与反思是促进家庭性别平等、保障家庭成员权益的契机,也是解析新冠疫情对个人生活、家庭关系、社会心态影响的载体。Based on in-depth interviews with 19 families,this paper presents and explores the manifestations and causes of the domestic work change among dual-income families in urban China over the course of Covid-19 pandemic.It proposes a binary analytical framework that brings in domestic work and its division as family facts and family members'understandings and feelings,with emphasise given to the significance of both sides.The status and division of domestic work among urban dual-income families are usully concealed in the everyday life and influenced by institutional culture,power structures,personnel mobility,and the contextual environment.Family members tend to interpret domestic work as a devotion to the family and internalise it into their life routine,which usually makes domestic work"invisible"in the everyday life.Covid-19 reshaped the mode and division of domestic work and made it"visible"by altering the family space and family relations.However,this change is not stable and does not last in the post-pandemic era as domestic work becomes"invisible"again.The perception,discussion,and reflection on the visibility of domestic work serve as an opportunity to promote gender equality in families and safeguard the rights and interests of family members.They also facilitate the analysis on the impact of the pandemic on individuac life,family relations,and social mentality.

关 键 词：家务劳动 家务分工 城市双薪家庭 新冠疫情 

分 类 号：C913.1[经济管理]