食品药品监管渎职罪中罪量要素的标准细化与主观认识  

Standard Refinement and Subjective Understanding of Criminal Quota Factors in the Crime of Dereliction of Duty in Foodand Drug Supervision

作　　者：王延峰 Wang Yanfeng(School of Law,Finance and Economics University of Tianjin,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]天津财经大学法学院,天津300222

出　　处：《贵州警察学院学报》2023年第4期44-52,共9页Journal of Guizhou Police College

摘　　要：《刑法修正案(十一)》对食品、药品监管渎职罪做出了大幅度的修正。罪量中的“严重后果”属于客观超过要素,重大食品安全事故、药品安全事件较为典型地符合“严重后果”这一要素。其他严重后果的认定则需要以造成人体健康损害为中心。在主观上,行为人对“严重后果”需要具有认识可能性。罪量中的“严重情节”属于整体评价要素,其认定需要把握作为整体评价要素的客观性、对行为违法性的提升作用以及解释的标准受“严重后果”的危害程度制约三点规则,影响责任以及特殊预防的情节不能成为认定“严重情节”的质料。对于“严重情节”,在滥用职权的类型中,行为人需要对情节具有认识,对情节属于严重具有社会意义的认识;在玩忽职守的类型中,“严重情节”不能作为罪量要素。The"Criminal Law Amendment(XI)of the P.R.C"has made substantial amendments to the crime of dereliction of duty in food and drug supervision.The"serious consequences"in the criminal quota factors belong to the objective excess factor,and major food safety incidents and drug safety incidents typically meet the factor of"serious consequences".The determination of other serious consequences needs to focus on the harms caused to human health.Subjectively,the perpetrator needs to have the possibility to recognize the"serious consequences".The"serious circumstances"in the criminal quota factors belongs to an overall evaluation factor,and determination of this factor needs to grasp its objectivity as an overall evaluation factor,its contribution to an illegal behavior's severity,and how the interpretation standard is restricted by the harm degree caused by the"serious consequences".The circumstances influencing liability and special precautions cannot serve as material for determining"serious circumstances".In cases of abuse of power,the perpetrator needs to have recognition of the circumstances and their serious social significance.In the cases concerning negligence of duty,the"serious circumstances"cannot be used as a criminal quota factor.

关 键 词：食品药品监管渎职 罪量 客观超过要素 整体评价要素 主观认识 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]