新疆生产建设兵团饮水型地方性氟中毒病区调查结果及氟化物的非致癌健康风险评估  

Survey results of drinking water-type endemic fluorosis in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and non-carcinogenic health risk assessment of fluoride

作　　者：王文瑾 马晓玲[2] 李凡卡[2] WANG Wenjin;MA Xiaoling;LI Fanka(School of Medicine,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China;Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Center of Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学医学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]新疆生产建设兵团疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2023年第5期553-557,共5页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团疾病预防控制中心自主课题(BTCDCKY202204)。

摘　　要：目的了解新疆生产建设兵团(以下简称兵团)饮水型地方性氟中毒防治现状,评估饮用水中氟化物非致癌健康风险。方法2019年对兵团所有饮水型氟中毒病区进行监测,包括11个师,62个团场,监测内容为改水工程运行状况、水氟含量及8~12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况,采用美国环保局(US EPA)的风险评估模型对经饮水途径摄入氟化物健康风险进行评估。结果兵团饮水型氟中毒病区团场城镇改水率100.00%(62/62),改水工程100.00%正常运转,水氟含量为0.09~1.94 mg/L,水氟合格率96.77%(60/62);农牧连队改水率100.00%(611/611),水氟含量为0.01~7.27 mg/L,水氟合格率为90.02%(550/611);总合格率为90.64%(610/673)。儿童氟斑牙患病率为3.65%(1564/42839),氟斑牙指数0.07,无氟斑牙流行,各师患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),十四师氟斑牙患病率最高,为11.48%;男性和女性均为6~<9岁组氟化物非致癌健康风险危害系数最高,分别为0.29和0.30。结论兵团饮水型氟中毒病区改水率高,儿童氟斑牙病情已得到控制,但个别团场城镇和农牧连队水氟仍存在超标,仍需加强改水工程的监管和水氟含量的监测。Objective To understand the current situation of prevention and treatment of drinking water-type endemic fluorosis in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(hereinafter referred to as the Corps),and to assess the non-carcinogenic health risk of fluoride in drinking water.Methods In 2019,all drinking water fluorosis areas in the Corps were monitored,including 11 divisions and 62 regiments.The monitoring contents included the operation of the water improvement project,the fluoride content in the water,and the prevalence of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 years.The risk assessment model of the United States Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA)was used to assess the health risk of fluoride intake through drinking water.Results In the regimental towns of drinking water-type fluorosis area,the water improvement rate was 100.00%(62/62),the water improvement project was 100.00%in normal operation,the water fluoride content was 0.09-1.94 mg/L,and the qualified rate was 96.77%(60/62);The water improvement rate of the farming and animal husbandry company was 100.00%(611/611),the water fluoride content was 0.01-7.27 mg/L,and the qualified rate was 90.02%(550/611);The total qualified rate was 90.64%(610/673).The prevalence rate of dental fluorosis in children was 3.65%(1564/42839),the dental fluorosis index was 0.07,and there was no epidemic of dental fluorosis.There was a statistically significant difference among divisions(P<0.01).The prevalence rate of dental fluorosis in the 14th division was the highest(11.48%);The non-carcinogenic health risk hazard coefficients of fluoride in both males and females aged 6 to 9 years were the highest,which were 0.29 and 0.30 respectively.Conclusions The water improvement rate of the drinking water-type fluorosis area of the Corps is high,the condition of children's dental fluorosis has been controlled.However,the water fluoride in some regimental towns and agricultural and animal husbandry companies still exceeds the standard,so it is necessary to strengthen the supe

关 键 词：兵团 饮水型氟中毒 氟斑牙 氟化物 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学] R181.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]