2019—2020年我国部分非铀矿山氡浓度监测结果与分析  

2019-2020 radon concentration measurement and dose estimation in some non-uranium mines in China

作　　者：武云云[1] 宋延超[1] 张庆召[1] 崔宏星[1] 侯长松[1] WU Yunyun;SONG Yanchao;ZHANG Qingzhao;CUI Hongxing;HOU Changsong(Key Laboratory of Radiological Protection and Nuclear Emergency,China CDC,National Institute for Radiological Protection,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100088)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所,辐射防护与核应急中国疾病预防控制中心重点实验室,北京100088

出　　处：《辐射防护》2023年第S01期61-66,共6页Radiation Protection

摘　　要：2019—2020年,选择我国黑龙江等11个省(自治区)的75座非铀矿山,采用固体核径迹探测器累积测量矿山氡浓度,结果显示,金属矿山55座(N=416),井下氡浓度算术均值(AM)为(1334±3301)Bq/m^(3),几何均值(GM)为(317±4.6)Bq/m^(3),范围22~28314 Bq/m^(3);非金属矿山16座(N=113)AM和GM分别为(162±151)Bq/m^(3)和(125±2)Bq/m^(3),范围22~971 Bq/m^(3)。井下529个测量点,氡浓度超过300 Bq/m^(3)的测量点占测量总数的31.8%,超过1000 Bq/m^(3)和2700 Bq/m^(3)的测点分别占测量总数的19.8%和9.3%。21座金属矿山井下氡浓度超过1000 Bq/m^(3),占调查总矿山的28%。金属矿山矿工的年有效剂量均值为8.38 mSv,非金属矿山矿工的年有效剂量均值为1.01 mSv。可以看出,我国金属矿山井下氡浓度高的问题很突出。建议今后加强金属矿山工作场所氡的监测和矿工氡个人剂量监测,加强通风工程防护,并借鉴国际机构的管理模式,尽快实行分级管理。In 2019-2020,75 non-uranium mines in 11 provinces(autonomous regions)were selected and investigated.Solid State Nuclear Track Detector was used to measure the radon concentration in mines.The arithmetic mean(AM)of radon concentration in metal mines was(1334±3301)Bq/m^(3),the geometric mean(GM)of them was(317±4.6)Bq/m^(3),ranging from^(2)2 to 28314 Bq/m^(3)(N=416).The AM and GM in non-metal mines was(162±151)Bq/m^(3) and(125±2)Bq/m^(3),respectively,with range of 22-971 Bq/m^(3)(N=113).There was 31.8%of the 529 underground measuring points with radon concentration exceeding 300 Bq/m^(3),19.8%of measuring points exceeding 1000 Bq/m^(3) and 9.3%exceeding 2700 Bq/m^(3).There were 21 metal mines with radon concentration exceeding 1000 Bq/m^(3),accounting for 28%of the total surveyed mines.The average annual effective dose of metal miners was 8.38 mSv,and that of non-metal miners was 1.01 mSv.It can be seen that the problem of high radon concentration in metal mines is very prominent.It is suggested that the protection of ventilation engineering should be strengthened in metal mines,and the monitoring of radon in the workplace and individual dose of radon in miners should be implemented.Non-uranium mines should be managed by classification of radon.

关 键 词：非铀矿山 氡浓度 固体核径迹探测器 剂量估算 

分 类 号：X837[环境科学与工程—环境工程]