新疆额敏县霍吉尔特墓地发掘简报  

Brief Report on the Excavation of Huojierte Cemetery in Emin County,Xinjiang

作　　者：姜晓晨阳 王永强 刘念 崔剑锋[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆文物考古研究所 [2]西北大学文化遗产学院 [3]天津师范大学

出　　处：《考古学集刊》2023年第1期5-40,I0003-I0005,41-45,I0007-I0016,共54页Archaeological Collectanea

摘　　要：2011年,新疆文物考古研究所对额敏县霍吉尔特墓地进行了抢救性考古发掘,共清理墓葬61座。墓葬分铜石并用时代、青铜时代、西周时期、春秋晚期至战国早期、战国晚期至汉代五个时期。各时期墓葬分布相对集中。墓葬地表均有明显标志,即由卵石或棱角分明的山石堆筑形成的封堆。墓葬类型有竖穴土坑墓、竖穴偏室墓、地面葬三类。铜石并用时代和青铜时代墓葬葬式主要为屈肢葬,青铜时代墓葬有土葬、火葬并存现象;青铜时代以后墓葬以仰身直肢葬为主。部分墓葬使用石棺或木棺作为葬具,偶见殉马、殉狗。出土陶、铜、铁、金等质地器物。该墓地墓葬类型多样,时间跨度大,各时期墓葬特性鲜明,对新疆塔城地区史前考古学年代序列的构建有极大助益。In 201l,the Xinjiang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology conducted a salvage excavation of the Huojierte cemetery in Emin County,uncovering a total of 61 tombs.The tombs are divided into five periods:the Chalcolithic Age,the Bronze Age,the Western Zhou period,the late Spring and Autumn period through the early Warring States period,and the late Warring States period through the Han dynasties.The tombs of each period are relatively concentrated.There are obvious tomb markers on the ground surface,which are mounds piled up by pebbles or sharp-edged cobbles.The tombs are classified into three types:pit tombs,shaft tombs,and ground surface burials.Burial positions of the Chalcolithic Age and the Bronze Age tombs are mainly flexed burials.While inhumation and cremation co-exist among the Bronze Age tombs.Supine extended burials prevail among the Bronze Age and later period tombs.Some tombs are equipped with stone or wooden cofins as burial accoutrements,along with occasionally sacrificed horses or dogs.Unearthed artifacts include objects made of pottery,bronze,iron,and gold.The Huojierte cemetery with various tomb types,wide time span,and distinctive characteristics of each period is of great help in constructing the prehistoric archaeological chronology of Tacheng region in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：新疆额敏县 霍吉尔特墓地 铜石并用时代 青铜时代 

分 类 号：K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]