土壤改良处理对地栽‘深圳红’月季生长及开花的影响  

Effects of Soil Amelioration Methods on Growth and Flowering Quality of Rose‘Scarlet Bonica'

作　　者：唐婧文 史正军[1] 谢锐星[1] 蓝翠钰 刘仪烨 王晓青 蔡江桥 TANG Jingwen;SHI Zhengjun;XIE Ruixing;LAN Cuiyu;LIU Yiye;WANG Xiaoqing;CAI Jiangqiao(Shenzhen Fairylake Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518004)

机构地区：[1]深圳市中国科学院仙湖植物园,广东深圳518004

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第22期59-64,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：深圳市城市管理和综合执法局科研项目“全球首发新品种‘深圳红’月季的适应性研究与应用”(201926);深圳市城市管理和综合执法局科研项目“园林种植土质量提升技术研究与示范”(202018)。

摘　　要：研究耐湿热新优月季品种‘深圳红’地栽种植土壤改良配方,以期为其大规模推广应用提供技术参考。将花圃园土、园林废弃物堆肥、泥炭、河沙、过磷酸钙按不同体积比例混合配制成6种配方改良种植土,并以未改良的园土作为对照,观察不同改良措施对土壤肥力质量及‘深圳红’月季地栽生长及开花的影响。结果表明:改良后土壤在容重0.69~1.10 g/cm^(3)、总孔隙度57.7%~71.2%的植物生长适宜范围,土壤有机质提高11.1~37.4 g/kg,土壤氮磷钾养分供给能力明显改善。土壤改良对‘深圳红’月季生长物候期、生长指标和开花均有显著影响,总体上改善了植物营养生长、延长了花期、提高了开花品质,但不同改良措施对深圳红的促生长和促花效果不同。在各土壤改良处理中,50%园土:40%园林废弃物堆肥:10%河沙配比处理的植株冠幅增长、株高增长、新生枝条长度等指标均为最优,同时可实现良好的开花效果。To study the soil improvement formula for ground cropping of rose‘Scarlet Bonica',a new and excellent rose with high humidity and heat resistance,the garden soil,green-waste compost,peat,river sand and superphosphate were mixed into 6 different formulas to improve the planting soil,and the unimproved garden soil was used as the control to observe the effects of different amelioration methods on soil fertility,growth and flowering of rose‘Scarlet Bonica'.The results showed that soil bulk density was in the range of0.69-1.10 g/cm^(3),and soil total porosity was 57.7%-71.2%,soil organic matter was increased by 11.1-37.4 g/kg,and soil nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrient supply capacity was significantly improved.Soil amelioration had significant effects on growth phenology,and prolonged flowering period,improved vegetative growth and flowering quality of rose‘Scarlet Bonica'.But different amelioration methods had different promoting effects on growth and flowering of the plant.In 6 soil amelioration treatments,the formula of 50%garden soil,40% green-waste compost,10% river sand volume ratio is the best for plant crown growth,plant height growth,new branch length,and can achieve good flowering effect.

关 键 词：土壤改良 ‘深圳红’月季 生长指标 开花品质 花期 

分 类 号：S682.39[农业科学—观赏园艺]