3种樱属植物对低温胁迫的生理特性研究  

Research on Physiological Characteristic of Three Species of Cerasus to Low Temperature Stress

作　　者：李焕勇 廖方舟 兰璞[1] 杨丽芳[1] LI Huanyong;LIAO Fangzhou;LAN Pu;YANG Lifang(Institute of Forestry and Pomology,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300384)

机构地区：[1]天津市农业科学院林业果树研究所,天津300384

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第22期77-82,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：天津市林果现代农业产业技术体系“核果岗”(ITTHRS2021000);天津市种业科技重大专项“天津珍稀优质野生樱花资源开发与繁育技术研究”(18ZXZYNC00120);天津市科技帮扶提升项目“甜樱桃产业提质增效技术研究应用”(20ZYCGSN00140)。

摘　　要：为研究低温胁迫对天津野生山樱及甜樱桃砧木等樱属植物的影响,以3种樱属植物1年生枝条为材料,采用低温胁迫处理,研究不同低温胁迫下枝条相对电导率、渗透调节物质及活性氧变化情况,应用隶属函数法综合评价3种樱属植物的抗寒性。结果表明,随着处理温度的降低,3种樱属植物枝条的相对电导率逐渐增高;可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量及抗氧化酶活性呈现先增加后降低的趋势;脯氨酸和丙二醛含量表现出逐渐增加的趋势。通过隶属函数综合分析,3种樱属植物的抗寒顺序为‘马哈利’>野生山樱>‘吉塞拉6号’。研究发现,3个樱属植物主要通过增加渗透调节物质的合成和增强抗氧化酶活性适应低温环境,这为甜樱桃抗寒砧木的筛选及其樱属耐寒种质资源的开发利用提供了基本参考。To study the effects of low temperature stress on Cerasus plants,such as the Tianjin wild Cerasus serrulata and sweet cherry rootstocks,one-year-old branches of three species of Cerasus were used as materials to study the changes of relative conductivity,osmotic adjustment substances and reactive oxygen under different low temperature stresses.The cold resistance of three species of Cerasus was comprehensively evaluated by the subordinate function method.The results showed that with the decrease of treatment temperature,the relative conductivity of branches of three species of Cerasus increased gradually.The contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein and the activities of antioxidant enzymes of three species of Cerasus increased first and then decreased.The contents of proline and MDA increased gradually with the decrease of temperature.Through the comprehensive analysis of subordinate function,the cold resistance order of three species of Cerasus was‘Mahaleb'>wild Cerasus serrulata>‘Gisela 6'.It was found that the three species of Cerasus adapted to the low temperature environment mainly by increasing the synthesis of osmotic adjustment substances and enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes,which provided a basic reference for the screening of cold resistant of sweet cherry rootstocks and the utilization of cold resistant germplasm resources of Cerasus species.

关 键 词：樱属植物 野生山樱 甜樱桃砧木 低温胁迫 生理特性 

分 类 号：S662.5[农业科学—果树学]