基于AHP和GIS的湘江上游山地丘陵区耕地质量水平研究——以东安县为例  

Study on Cultivated Land Quality Level in the Upper Reaches of Xiangjiang River Hilly Region based on AHP and GIS:Take Dong'an County as an Example

作　　者：李晓青[1] 吴琳 何长元[2] LI Xiaoqing;WU Lin;HE Changyuan(School of Geography Science,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081;College of Resources and Environment,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410125)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学地理科学学院,长沙410081 [2]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙410125

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第23期30-38,共9页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“洞庭湖流域景观格局变化对水生态服务影响机理及调控”(U19A2051)。

摘　　要：耕地是粮食生产的基础,耕地质量高低影响耕地综合生产能力。中央和地方政府多次指出要保护耕地红线,粮食生产要稳政策、稳面积、稳产量。湘江流域山地丘陵区面积分布广泛,研究山地丘陵地区的耕地质量水平对深化流域内山地丘陵区保护耕地、提升耕地地力具有重要意义。选取湘江上游流域内典型的山地丘陵区东安县耕地进行质量评价,在ArcGIS平台将东安县的土壤图、土地利用现状图、行政区划图叠加进行分析,采用层次分析法确定指标权重,模糊数学确定隶属度后综合权重求出结果。结果表明:根据《耕地质量等级》GB/T 33469—2016评价标准,评价结果为:东安县耕地质量分为6个等级。其中,三等地的面积为12793 hm^(2),占总面积的比例最高,为37.4%;其次是二等地和四等地的面积分布较广,分别是8648、6985 hm^(2),所占比例为25.3%、20.4%;其他等级土地面积相对较少。东安县耕地有效磷、速效钾、有机质的含量多地偏于中等水平,土壤养分特征多为一级、二级、三级的耕地面积分布较广,需要有针对性的采取一些提升耕地生产能力的措施。Cultivated land is the basis of food production,and the quality of cultivated land affects the comprehensive production capacity of cultivated land.The central and local governments have repeatedly pointed out the need to protect the red line of cultivated land and to stabilize the policy,area and yield of grain production.The area of mountainous and hilly areas in the Xiangjiang River basin is widely distributed,and it is important to study the quality level of cultivated land in mountainous hilly areas to deepen the protection of cultivated land and improve the land productivity of cultivated land in the basin.The cultivated land in Dong'an County,a typical mountainous and hilly area in the upper reaches of the Xiangjiang River basin,was selected for quality evaluation.The results were analyzed by overlaying the soil map,current land use map and administrative division map of Dong’an County on the ArcGIS platform.The index weight was determined by hierarchical analysis,and the affiliation degree was determined by fuzzy mathematics,after the comprehensive weights were derived.The results showed that according to the evaluation standard of“quality grade of cultivated land”GB/T 33469—2016,the evaluation result was that the quality of cultivated land in Dong’an County was divided into 6 grades.Among them,the area of the third grade was 12793 hm^(2),accounting for the highest proportion of the total area,which was 37.4%;followed by the wide distribution area of the second grade and the fourth grade,which were 8648 hm^(2)and 6985 hm^(2),respectively accounting for 25.3%and 20.4%;the area of other grades of land was relatively small.The content of effective phosphorus,fast-acting potassium and organic matter of cultivated land in Dong’an County was mostly at the middle level,and the area of cultivated land with soil nutrient characteristics of Grade I,Grade II and Grade III was widely distributed,which required some targeted measures to enhance the production capacity of cultivated land.

关 键 词：湘江上游流域 山地丘陵区域 耕地质量 评价 等级 东安县 

分 类 号：S129[农业科学—农业基础科学] K90[历史地理—人文地理学]