冰雹数值模拟及对灾损评估研究——以猕猴桃为例  

Study on Hail Numerical Simulation and Disaster Damage Assessment——Take Kiwi Fruit as an Example

作　　者：陈芳[1] 曾晓珊 王方芳 刘宇鹏 谷晓平[1] 胡家敏[1] CHEN Fang;ZENG Xiaoshan;WANG Fangfang;LIU Yupeng;GU Xiaoping;HU Jiamin(Mountain Environment and Climate Research Institute of Guizhou Province/Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Climate and Resources,Guiyang 550002)

机构地区：[1]贵州省山地环境气候研究所/贵州省山地气候与资源重点实验室,贵阳550002

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第23期62-69,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：贵州省科技厅项目“贵州铁皮石斛气候适宜性区划研究”(黔科合基础-ZK[2022]一般272);贵州省高层次创新型人才培养[黔科合人才(2016)4026号]。

摘　　要：为探索冰雹对水果的影响评估,以猕猴桃为例,通过ABAQUS有限元分析数值模拟计算出冰雹撞击过程中的冲击力,结合猕猴桃的力学特征,测算出冰雹过程中的猕猴桃灾损评估。通过调查和测量猕猴桃的力学特征,结合冰雹落地末速度计算猕猴桃和冰雹撞击过程中力的转换关系,利用碰撞动量法计算出猕猴桃冰雹损害,得到猕猴桃临界破损直径及指标阈值。结果表明:贵州猕猴桃果实破损的冰雹临界直径界于0.29~0.32 cm之间,冰雹的雹块直径大于猕猴桃雹损临界直径值时,雹块对猕猴桃果实的冲力所造成的压强将会击破猕猴桃果实的硬度,使猕猴桃果肉凹陷,受灾严重。当冰雹直径小于猕猴桃临界直径时,猕猴桃表面不会破裂,但会留下坑痕;同时利用数值模拟研究冰雹撞击具有可行性。各地可根据不同水果果实的抗雹特性及降雹参数,调整各地种植区域结构及水果品种,为人工防雹效益分析提供理论依据。To explore the impact assessment of hail on fruit,this paper took kiwi fruit as an example,calculated out the kiwi fruit damage assessment in the process of hail by ABAQUS finite element analysis,and combined with mechanical characteristics of kiwi fruit to calculate the damage in the hail process.The mechanical characteristics of kiwi fruit were surveyed and measured,and combined with hail landing speed,the force conversion relationship between kiwi fruit and hail impact process was calculated.The hail damage was analyzed by collision momentum method,the kiwi fruit critical damage diameter and index threshold were obtained.The results showed that the critical diameter of Guizhou kiwi fruit was bounded between 0.29-0.32cm.When the diameter of the hail block was greater than the critical diameter value,the impact pressure of the hail block on kiwi fruit would break the hardness of the kiwi fruit,and make kiwi fruit pulp depression,seriously affected.When the hail diameter was less than the kiwi fruit critical diameter,the surface of kiwi fruit would not break,but would leave potholes.It was feasibility to study the hail impact by numerical simulation.According to the hail suppression characteristics and hail suppression parameters of different fruits,the planting area structure and fruit varieties could be adjusted to provide a theoretical basis for the analysis of artificial hail suppression benefits.

关 键 词：冰雹 猕猴桃 数值模拟 临界直径 末速度 

分 类 号：S761[农业科学—森林保护学]