1961—2016年果洛天然牧草生长季降水时空变化  

Temporal and Spatial Changes of Precipitation in the Growing Season of Natural Grass in Guoluo from 1961 to 2016

作　　者：贾绪芝 蔡忠周 向雯 窦花 JIA Xuzhi;CAI Zhongzhou;XIANG Wen;DOU Hua(The Meteorological Bureau of Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai,Guoluo,Qinghai 814000;Meteorological Disaster Prevention Technology Center of Qinghai Province,Xining 810000)

机构地区：[1]青海省果洛藏族自治州气象局,青海果洛814000 [2]青海省气象灾害防御技术中心,西宁810000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第23期77-81,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：青海省气象局项目“三江源地区年内降水集中度和集中期分析”(QHM2020-49)。

摘　　要：为详细突出反映牧草生长季降水时空变化特征,以及降水和天然牧草生长、降水及旱涝之间的关系,采用目前最先进和简便的方法对果洛牧草生长季的侯降水时空分布以及和牧草、旱涝之间的关系进行了研究。结果表明:(1)果洛主要降水时间段分为1961—1969、1970—1979、1980—1991、1992年以后;从空间上看,降水从东南至西北呈减少趋势明显,最多降水量分布在久治,最少分布在玛多,最多降水量是最少降水量的2.3倍,中部地区降水量接近最多降水和最少降水量的平均值;(2)牧草产量与平均气温、降水量之间存在显著的正相关,与日照时数存在显著的负相关;(3)明显高于PCD趋势线的阶段和发生暴雨洪涝高频次时段相吻合,明显高于PCP趋势线的阶段和干旱发生高频次的时段相吻合。To reveal the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of precipitation in forage growing season and the relationship between precipitation and natural forage growth,and between precipitation and drought and flood in Guoluo of Qinghai,we used a method which is advanced and simple to conduct the study.The results showed that:(1) the main precipitation periods in Guoluo were divided into 1961-1969,1970-1979,1980-1991 and after 1992;from the perspective of space,the precipitation showed an obviously decreasing trend from southeast to northwest,the maximum precipitation amount was in Jiuzhi and the minimum was in Maduo;the maximum precipitation amount was 2.3 times of the minimum;and the precipitation in the central areas of Guoluo was close to the average value of the maximum and the minimum;(2) there was a significantly positive correlation between forage yield and average temperature and precipitation,and a significantly negative correlation between forage yield and sunshine hours;(3) the stage significantly higher than the PCD(precipitation concentrated degree) trend line coincided with the high-frequency period of rainstorm and flood,and the stage significantly higher than the PCP trend line coincided with the high-frequency period of drought.

关 键 词：牧草生长季 降水集中度 降水集中期 相关性 旱涝 

分 类 号：P426[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]