变压器用片式散热器散热效率研究与结构优化  

Research on Heat Dissipation Efficiency and Structural Optimization of Sheet Radiator for Transformer

作　　者：彭庆军 邹德旭 王欣 杨金越 郭伊宇 PENG Qingjun;ZOU Dexu;WANG Xin;YANG Jinyue;GUO Yiyu(Electric Power Research Institute of CSG Yunnan Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Kunming,Yunnan 650214,China;CSG Yunnan Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Kunming,Yunnan 650011,China;CSG Electric Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510663,China)

机构地区：[1]南方电网云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,云南昆明650214 [2]南方电网云南电网有限责任公司,云南昆明650011 [3]南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司,广东广州510663

出　　处：《广东电力》2023年第8期104-112,共9页Guangdong Electric Power

基　　金：中国南方电网有限责任公司科技项目(YNKJXM2021008)。

摘　　要：片式散热器是目前大型油浸式变压器的主流散热器,为分析研究其散热效率,应用有限元计算方法,仿真计算了变压器用片式散热器的温度、流速分布规律,提出将散热量、散热面积、总传热系数、进出口油温差等参数作为评价散热效果的重要指标。分析温升、散热器片数对散热器散热性能的影响,提出将油道宽度和压痕角度作为结构优化方向,以进一步提高变压器用片式散热器的散热效率。结果表明:散热器温度分布呈现前端高后端低、顶部高底部低的特征,流速分布呈现中间油道大两边油道小、片数越靠后流速越小的特征;随着入口油温相对空气温升的增加,散热器散热量和进出口温差近似线性增长;随着散热器散热片数增加,散热器总散热量增加,但是总体散热效率降低;优化设计散热器结构时,油道“中间窄两边宽”或“中间宽两边窄”都优于“油道等宽”的设计,压痕角度可保持在30°~45°。Sheet radiator is the mainstream heat sink for large oil-immersed transformers at present.To analyze and study the heat dissipation efficiency of sheet radiator,this paper applies the finite element calculation method to simulate and calculate the temperature and flow rate distribution law of the sheet heat sink for transformers,and proposes to take the parameters such as heat dissipation,heat dissipation area,total heat transfer coefficient and inlet and outlet oil temperature difference as important indexes to evaluate the heat dissipation effect.It analyzes the effects of temperature rise and number of radiator slices on the heat dissipation performance of the radiator and proposes to consider the oil channel width and indentation angle as the direction of structural optimization to further improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the sheet radiator for transformers.The results indicate that the radiator temperature distribution presents the characteristics of high front-end and low back-end,high top and low bottom,and the flow rate distribution shows the characteristics of large oil channel in the middle and small oil channel on both sides,and the smaller the flow rate as the number of slices goes back.With the increase of the inlet oil temperature relative to the air temperature rise,the radiator heat dissipation and the temperature difference between the import and export increase approximately linearly.As the number of radiator fins increases,the total heat dissipation of the radiator increases,but the overall heat dissipation efficiency decreases.When optimizing the design of the radiator structure,a narrow center and wide sides or wide center and narrow sides oil path is preferable to an equal width oil path design.Meanwhile,the indentation angle can be kept at 30°~45°.

关 键 词：片式散热器 有限元 散热效率 结构优化 

分 类 号：TM401.2[电气工程—电器]