基于第22届世界杯足球赛管窥现代足球运动发展趋势  

Research on the Development Trend of Modern Football based On the 22nd FIFA World Cup

作　　者：马延峰 Ma Yanfeng(Shanghai N0.52 Middle School,Shanghai 200083,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市第五十二中学,上海200083

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2023年第8期72-75,共4页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

摘　　要：世界杯是足球领域最举世瞩目,同时也是竞技水平最高的足球赛事,其发展历史是当代足球发展历史的一个缩影。在当今世界足球大赛中,各支球队不同的进攻技术,反映出了不同的风格打法,也影响着比赛的过程和结果。在注重防守的基础上,各队也越来越重视进攻策略的研发。本文对世界杯球队比赛打法的演变进行研究,涵盖了2022年卡塔尔世界杯和现代足球高强度、高速度、高对抗的演变内容。研究结果表明:(1)在战术变革方面,每一次战术变革都推动了足球运动的加速发展,足球战术到现在还在进行或大或小的变革。(2)在现代足球技战术革新方面,边路球员迎来了重大技战术突破。科学化的训练使边路球员具有更多球权,而抗阻训练更是提升边路球员的身体对抗和预判能力的关键。(3)国外顶级俱乐部球员的科学化训练不仅提高了身体功能性,而且球队营养师通过膳食搭配帮助球员获取所需的营养。在科学化训练提高边路球员能力方面,揭示了国内球员早退役的原因,强调了球员比赛发挥状态与日常训练的紧密联系。(4)在AI时代下,球队先进科研团队已经可以揭秘球员身体机能与技术短板,并且在当代边后卫在球队中的角色方面,强化边路球员的能力,使球队的战术选择更加多样化。在重新定义边后卫后,边锋后置有可能出现。The World Cup is the most prestigious and highest-level football competition in the world,and its development history is a microcosm of the development of contemporary football.In today's world football competitions,the different attacking techniques of each team reflect different playing styles,which also affect the process and results of the game.On the basis of emphasizing defense,teams are also paying more and more attention to the development of attacking strategies.This article studies the evolution of playing styles in World Cup teams,covering the 2022 Qatar World Cup and the evolution of modern football characterized by high intensity,speed,and confrontation.The results show that:(a)In terms of tactical revolution,every change of tactics has driven the accelerated development of football,and football tactics are still undergoing big or small changes.(b)In terms of innovation of modern football techniques and tactics,full-backs have made significant breakthroughs in their techniques and tactics.Scientific training enables full-backs to have more ball possession,while resistance training is the key to improving the physical confrontation and prediction ability of full-backs.(c)Scientific training of foreign top clubs'players not only improves their physical functionality,but also helps players get the nutrition they need through dietary combination.In terms of scientific training to improve the ability of full-backs,the reasons for the early retirement of domestic players are revealed,and the close relationship between players'game performance and daily training is emphasized.(d)In addition,in the AI era,advanced scientific research teams of football clubs can already reveal the physical function and technical shortcomings of players,and in terms of the role of contemporary full-backs in the team,the ability of full-backs is strengthened to make the teams tactical choices more diversified.And the definition of full-back is redefined,with the possibility of full-backs being placed after wingers.

关 键 词：现代足球 训练 边后卫 阵型 

分 类 号：G843[文化科学—体育训练]