新型组合捕收剂对锂云母、钠长石和石英的浮选性能研究  

Study on the Flotation Performance of a New Combined Collector for Lepidolite,Albite and Quartz

作　　者：刘文宝[1,2] 甘琦强 刘文刚 韩聪[1] 陈猛强[1] LIU Wenbao;GAN Qiqiang;LIU Wengang;HAN Cong;CHEN Mengqiang(School of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;Guizhou Academy of Sciences,Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]贵州科学院,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《矿产保护与利用》2023年第3期34-42,共9页Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52104250);贵州省省级科技计划项目资助(黔科合支撑[2023]一般142)。

摘　　要：研发新型高效锂云母浮选捕收剂对于我国锂工业的发展具有重要战略意义。以锂云母、钠长石和石英单矿物为研究对象,采用由有机胺类和多官能团羧酸类捕收剂组成的新型阴阳离子组合捕收剂SDI-101,系统考察药剂质量配比、药剂用量、矿浆pH、抑制剂用量等因素对三种单矿物浮选行为的影响,并与传统阴阳离子组合捕收剂(十二胺(DDA)+油酸钠(NaOL))进行对比。通过红外光谱检测、Zeta电位分析、接触角检测、表面张力测量、泡沫性能测试等检测分析手段系统研究了新型组合捕收剂在锂云母表面的吸附方式及作用机理。实验结果表明,在组合捕收剂SDI-101(阳离子与阴离子捕收剂质量比1∶1)用量为500 g/t时,锂云母的回收率超过90%,高于传统组合捕收剂DDA+NaOL的40%,其对锂云母的捕收性能更强,而长石回收率仅为12.5%,石英回收率低于2%,基本不浮。机理研究结果表明,与常规组合捕收剂相比,SDI-101具有良好的泡沫性能,新型组合捕收剂通过疏水缔合共吸附于锂云母表面,同时可减弱吸附时存在的静电斥力,表现出更强的协同作用,提高了捕收剂分子在锂云母表面吸附的数量及稳定性,从而增强了对锂云母的捕收性能。The research and development of novel high−efficiency lepidolite collector is of great strategic significance for the development of China's lithium industry.Taking single minerals(lepidolite,albite and quartz)as the research object,a novel type of anionic and cationic combined collector SDI−101 composed of organic amines and multi−functional carboxylic acid collectors was used.The effects of factors such as reagent mass ratio,dosage,pulp pH,and depressant dosage on the flotation behavior of the three single minerals were systematically investigated,and compared with traditional anionic and cationic combined collector(dodecylamine(DDA)+sodium oleate(NaOL)).The adsorption mode and mechanism of the novel combined collector on lepidolite surface were systematically studied by means of infrared spectroscopy,Zeta potential,contact angle,surface tension,foam performance test and other analysis methods.The experimental results showed that when the dosage of combined collector SDI−101(the mass ratio of cationic collector to anionic collector 1:1)was 500 g/t,the recovery rate of lepidolite was more than 90%,which was higher than 40%of the traditional combined collector DDA+NaOL.The collection performance of lepidolite was stronger,with a feldspar recovery rate of only 12.5%and a quartz recovery rate of less than 2%,which was hardly floating.The mechanism research results showed that,compared with conventional combined collector,SDI−101 had good foam performance.The novel combined collector showed stronger synergistic effects by hydrophobic association co−adsorption on the lepidolite surface and reducing the electrostatic repulsion during adsorption,which could improve the adsorption quantity and stability of collector molecules on the lepidolite surface,and thus enhanced the collection performance of lepidolite.

关 键 词：锂云母 组合捕收剂 捕收性能 作用机理 协同作用 浮选 

分 类 号：TD923.1[矿业工程—选矿] TD955