送粉式等离子弧增材制造系统设计及工艺试验  

Design and Process Test of Powder Feeding Plasma Arc Additive Manufacturing System

作　　者：朱锦洪[1] 王斌[1] 尹丹青[1,2] 李茂昌 张凯歌 陈云峰 ZHU Jinhong;WANG Bin;YIN Danqing;LI Maochang;ZHANG Kaige;CHEN Yunfeng(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;Longmen Laboratory,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院,河南洛阳471023 [2]龙门实验室,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《河南科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第6期1-8,M0002,共9页Journal of Henan University of Science And Technology:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1904185);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划(2020GGJS071)。

摘　　要：针对激光、电子束为热源的增材制造设备存在成本高、需要真空环境等问题,本文利用可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)设计并自主搭建了一套送粉式等离子弧增材制造设备,并通过单一变量法研究了不同工艺参数对单层单道熔覆层宏观形貌尺寸、显微组织以及力学性能的影响。结果表明:当焊机焊接电流为190 A、焊枪移动速度为180 mm/min、送粉速度为21 g/min时,能够得到表面光滑的熔覆层,此时熔覆层平均硬度为864HV。随着焊接电流的增大,熔覆层的宽度由7.0 mm增大到8.6 mm,高度从1.9 mm降低到1.7 mm,组织和硬度都逐渐增大。随着焊枪移动速度的增大,熔覆层宽度由10.0 mm降低到7.4 mm,高度由2.3 mm降低到1.5 mm,组织逐渐细化,硬度先升高后降低。随着送粉速度的增大,熔覆层宽度先增大到最大值11.2 mm,然后开始减小,高度逐渐增高,组织逐渐细小,硬度变化规律与焊枪移动速度导致的结果变化一致。In response to the problems of high cost and the need for a vacuum environment in additive manufacturing equipment using laser and electron beams as heat sources,the programmable logic controllers(PLC)was used to design and independently build a powder feeding plasma arc additive manufacturing equipment.The effects of different process parameters on the macroscopic morphology,size,microstructure,and mechanical properties of single-layer and single-pass cladding layers was studied by using the single variable method.The results show that when the welding current of the welding machine is 190 A,the moving speed of the welding gun is 180 mm/min,and the powder feeding speed is 21 g/min,the smooth surface cladding layer can be obtained.At this time,the average hardness of the cladding layer is 864HV.As the welding current increases,the width of the cladding layer increases from 7.0 mm to 8.6 mm,and the height decreases from 1.9 mm to 1.7 mm.The microstructure and hardness gradually increase.As the movement speed of the welding gun increases,the width of the cladding layer decreases from 10.0 mm to 7.4 mm,and the height decreases from 2.3 mm to 1.5 mm.The microstructure gradually refines,and the hardness first increases and then decreases.As the powder feeding speed increases,the width of the cladding layer first increases to the maximum value of 11.2 mm,and then begins to decrease.The height gradually increases,and the microstructure gradually becomes fine.The hardness change pattern is consistent with the result caused by the moving speed of the welding gun.

关 键 词：等离子弧 增材制造 工艺参数 显微组织 

分 类 号：TG456.2[金属学及工艺—焊接]