十六年放射诊疗监督的回顾与展望  

Review and prospect of radiodiagnosis and radiotherapy supervision in the past 16 years

作　　者：陈飚 陈春晖 CHEN Biao;CHEN Chunhui(Inspecting Agency.Shanghai Municipal Health Commission,Shanghai 200031 China)

机构地区：[1]上海市卫生健康委员会监督所,上海200031

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2023年第3期281-287,共7页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

基　　金：上海市“医苑新星”青年医学人才培养资助计划(沪卫人事[2021]99号);上海市卫生监督机构省级首席卫生监督员后备人才项目(沪卫卫监[2022]022号)。

摘　　要：放射源安全监管部门于2003年重新划分职责分工,环保部门替代卫生部门成为核安全主管部门。2006年《放射诊疗管理规定》颁布实施,由于融入了大量医疗执业监督的内容,医疗机构放射卫生监督演变成放射诊疗监督。16年来,放射、职业卫生监督以及医疗执业监督并未顺利融合,放射诊疗监督存在许多法律问题;环保、计量等相关部门对放射源、射线装置的监管内容也不断变化,导致围绕放射诊疗相关的监管要求过于复杂,加重了医疗机构负担。本文回顾了放射诊疗监管的历史沿革、法律体系变迁,分析了目前各相关监管部门面临的问题和挑战,提出了改进之道。In 2003,the responsibility of radiation source safety supervision was redivided and transferred from the health department to the environmental protection department.After the promulgation and implementation of the Rule on the Administration of Radiodiagnosis and Radiotherapy in 2006,due to the incorporation of a large number of medical practice supervision rules,the radiation health supervision of medical institutions has evolved into the radiodiagnosis and radiotherapy supervision.In the past 16 years,radiation,occupational health supervision,and medical practice supervision have not been well integrated,and there are many legal problems in radiodiagnosis and radiotherapy supervision.The regulation rules of environmental protection,metrology,and other relevant departments on radiation sources and radiation devices have been constantly changing,resulting in overly complex regulatory requirements on radiodiagnosis and radiotherapy,which increases the burden of medical institutions.This paper reviews the historical evolution and legal system changes of radiodiagnosis and radiotherapy supervision,analyzes the problems and challenges faced by the relevant regulatory departments,and proposes ways to improve the supervision system.

关 键 词：放射诊疗 卫生监督 放射源 射线装置 辐射安全 质控检测 计量检定 

分 类 号：R141[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]