轴向柱塞泵的空穴流动特性分析与优化  

Analysis and Optimization of Cavitation Flow Characteristics in Axial Piston Pump

作　　者：贠振刚 刘沛汉 李资 YUN Zhen′gang;LIU Peihan;LI Zi(School of Energy Engineering,Xinjiang Institute of Engineering,Urumqi 830091,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆工程学院能源工程学院,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《机械科学与技术》2023年第8期1229-1235,共7页Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering

摘　　要：为了解决轴向柱塞泵气穴复杂问题,介绍泵的运动规律,分别建立柱塞腔压力、泵进出口流量和斜盘力矩计算模型,以柱塞腔内压力和出油口流量为基准,采用正交试验、Kriging曲面插值及遗传粒子群算法,对泵中液压油含气量、进油口压力梯度、柱塞转速以及柱塞直径进行优化计算。试验表明:油液中含气量、柱塞转速和柱塞直径对腔内压力和出油口流量的显著性值均小于0.05,当柱塞转速为700 r/min,柱塞直径为8 mm,油液中含气量为3%时,柱塞腔内压力和出油口流量分别为47991 Pa和2.1 L/min,将优化结果导入AMESim单柱塞泵计算模型中,得到柱塞腔内负压为-29573.5 Pa,出油口流量2.18 L/min,并无空穴现象发生,两者计算结果吻合程度均在合理范围内,验证了控制算法的优越性。In order to solve the complex problem of cavitation in axial piston pump,the motion law of pump is introduced,and the models for piston cavity pressure,pump inlet and outlet flow and swashplate torque are established respectively,taking the pressure in piston cavity and oil outlet flow as the benchmark,orthogonal test,Kriging surface interpolation and genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm are used to calculate the air content of hydraulic oil,oil inlet pressure gradient.The piston speed and piston diameter are optimized.The test shows that the significant values of air content in oil,piston speed and piston diameter on chamber pressure and oil outlet flow are below 0.05.When the piston speed is 700 r/min,piston diameter is 8mm and air content in oil is 3%,the pressure in piston chamber and oil outlet flow are 47991 Pa and 2.1 L/min respectively.The optimal results are introduced into the model for Amesim single piston pump.The negative pressure in the piston chamber is-29573.5 Pa,the flow rate at the oil outlet is 2.18 L/min,and no cavitation occurs,the superiority of the control algorithm is verified,which provides a reference for preventing the occurrence of cavity in axial piston pump.

关 键 词：轴向柱塞泵 正交试验 克里金 遗传粒子群算法 空穴流动特性 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]