地铁三线换乘车站无线通信覆盖方案及关键技术研究——以西安地铁纺织城站为例  

Research on Coverage Scheme and Key Technology of Wireless Communication System in Three——line Transfer Metro Station—Case Study of Fangzhicheng Station of Xian Metros

作　　者：李庆刚 LI Qinggang(State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Engineering Informatization(FSDI),Xi'an 710043,China;China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710043,China)

机构地区：[1]轨道交通工程信息化国家重点实验室(中铁一院),西安710043 [2]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,西安710043

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2023年第9期156-161,189,共7页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司科研项目(2021KY40ZD(CYH)-04)。

摘　　要：随着各大城市轨道交通线网的逐步成形,换乘站中,尤其是三线换乘站不断涌现。鉴于西安地铁首个三线换乘车站工程实际条件的复杂性及特殊性,以纺织城站TETRA系统工程设计为依托,叙述了无线系统的频率规划、分配及覆盖方案。通过调查分析既有线的频率分布,采用5组频率进行车站无线覆盖,保证了频率间隔,避免了同频干扰。纺织城停车场有上盖物业开发,为避免干扰相邻的既有停车场信号,采用定向天线替代楼顶全向天线覆盖方式。通过对共用站厅、站台、轨行区、独立站台等不同覆盖区域进行现场调查和分析,确定空间传播路径及各种干扰因素损耗,采用不同的计算模型,对室内分布覆盖场强值进行理论计算。既有共用站厅、站台采用无线信号合路覆盖方案,车站轨行区利用中隔墙敷设2条漏泄电缆进行覆盖,独立站台区域采用室内天线补强覆盖方案。采用以上无线系统覆盖方案,不仅降低了系统干扰以及对既有运营车站的影响,同时避免了室内天线的重复建设,减少了工程投资。With the gradual formation of rail transit networks in major cities,there are more and more transfer stations,especially the three-line transfer stations.In view of the complexities and particularities of the actual conditions of the first three-line transfer station project in Xi'an metro,the frequency planning,distribution and coverage scheme of the wireless system are described relying on the TETRA system design of Fangzhicheng Station.By investigating and analyzing the frequency distribution of existing lines,5 sets of frequencies are used for wireless coverage of stations,which ensures the frequency interval and avoids same-frequency interference.In Fangzhichen Parking Lot with overlaying property development,directional antenna is adopted to replace the roof omnidirectional antenna coverage mode and avoid signal interference to the adjacent existing parking lot.Through on-site investigation and analysis of different coverage areas such as common station hall,station platform,railway track area and independent side platform,the spatial propagation path and various disturbance factor losses are determined,and different calculation models are used to calculate the indoor distribution coverage field strength.The existing common station hall and station platform are covered by wireless signal combination scheme,the railway track area of the station is covered by two leaking cables laid in the middle partition wall,and the area of independent side platform is covered by indoor antenna reinforcement scheme.The above wireless system coverage scheme not only reduces the system interference and impact on existing stations,but also avoids the repetitive construction of indoor antennas and cuts down capital investment.

关 键 词：地铁 三线换乘车站 上盖物业开发 专用无线通信 频率规划 场强覆盖 同频干扰 信号合路 

分 类 号：U285.21[交通运输工程—交通信息工程及控制] U231[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]