2021-2022年大兴区青云店集中发热疫情流行特征分析  

Analysis on the epidemic characteristics of concentrated fever epidemic in Qingyundian,Daxing district from 2021 to 2022

作　　者：高燕[1] Gao Yan(Qingyundian Town Central Health Center,Daxing district,Beijing 102605,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市大兴区青云店镇中心卫生院,北京102605

出　　处：《首都食品与医药》2023年第17期93-95,共3页Capital Food Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2021-2022年北京市大兴区青云店镇集中发热疫情及其流行病学特征,为今后更好地预防控制所在辖区学校、幼儿园集中发热疫情的发生提供处置经验.方法采用描述性流行病学方法对2021-2022年青云店镇集中发热疫情资料进行分析.结果2021-2022年青云店镇共发生集中发热疫情5起,全部发生在学校和幼儿园,总罹患率为34.75%.疫情均是由流感病毒引起,主要发生在冬春季,其中2021年12月至次年3月占80.00%;以小学生发病为主,且易出现续发病例;男女性别比为1.23:1.临床表现以发热、咳嗽、咽痛、头痛和乏力等流感样症状为主.发病小学生中半年内有流感疫苗接种史学生占70.97%,发病幼托儿童均未接种流感疫苗,不同学校之间罹患率差异有统计学意义,接种疫苗学生和未接种疫苗学生发病率差异无统计学意义.结论2021-2022年北京市大兴区青云店镇集中发热疫情主要是由流感病毒引起,主要发生单位为学校低年级及幼儿园,危害人群为10岁以下,冬春季为流感高峰季节,应针对低年级小学生及幼托儿童积极采取学校托幼园所流感防控健康教育,提高幼儿、学生及家长流感防控意识,提高流感疫苗接种率,从而控制因流感造成的集中发热疫情,保证幼儿、学生的身体健康及学校幼儿园正常教学秩序.Objective To analyze the epidemic and epidemiological characteristics of concentrated fever in Qingyundian Town,Daxing district,Beijing from 2021 to 2022,so as to provide experience for better prevention and control of concentrated fever in schools and kindergartens in the district.Methods Descriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the epidemic data of concentrated fever in Qingyundian Town from 2021 to 2022.Results From 2021 to 2022,5 cases of concentrated fever occurred in Qingyundian town,all of which occurred in schools and kindergartens,with a total incidence rate of 34.75%.All the outbreaks were caused by influenza virus,which mainly occurred in winter and spring,80.00%of which were from December to March of the following year.The incidence is high in primary school students,and it is easy to have secondary cases;the male to female ratio was 1.23∶1.The clinical manifestations were fever,cough,sore throat,headache,fatigue and other flu-like symptoms.70.97%of the infected primary school students had influenza vaccination history in the middle half year,and none of the infected preschool children had received influenza vaccine.There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence rate between different schools,while there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate between vaccinated students and unvaccinated students.Conclusion The concentrated fever in Qingyundian Town,Daxing district,Beijing in 2021-2022 is mainly caused by influenza virus.The main units are lower grades and kindergartens,and the affected population is under 10 years old.Winter and spring are the peak season of influenza.To raise the awareness of influenza prevention and control of children,students and parents,and increase the vaccination rate of influenza,so as to control the concentrated fever caused by influenza,and ensure the health of children and students and the normal teaching order of schools and kindergartens.

关 键 词：集中发热疫情 学校幼儿园 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]