基于非平衡相间传质的多梯度钻井井底压力预测  

Prediction on Bottomhole Pressure in Multi-Gradient Drilling Based on Nonequilibrium Interphase Mass Transfer

作　　者：张锐尧 肖平 朱忠喜[2] 李军[3] 陈东方 关勤勤 Zhang Ruiyao;Xiao Ping;Zhu Zhongxi;Li Jun;Chen Dongfang;Guan Qinqin(Sinopec Petroleum Machinery Co.,Ltd.;School of Petroleum Engineering,Yangtze University;College of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing))

机构地区：[1]中石化石油机械股份有限公司 [2]长江大学石油工程学院 [3]中国石油大学(北京)石油工程学院

出　　处：《石油机械》2023年第9期9-17,共9页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合基金项目“海相深层高温高压钻完井工程基础理论及控制方法”(U19B6003-05);国家自然科学基金“深水油气钻采井筒压力控制基础研究”(51734010);中国石油化工集团有限公司科技项目“特深层钻完井关键工具与装备”。

摘　　要：为了对多梯度钻井气侵后的井底压力进行更精确地预测,基于非平衡界面传质理论,在泡状流条件下考虑气泡表面张力对传质过程所产生的阻力影响,同时考虑井筒与地层间能量交换和空心球物性参数对多梯度钻井气液两相流的影响,建立了多梯度钻井条件下的瞬态非平衡相间传质速率模型和气液两相流新模型。利用有限差分方法和高斯赛德尔循环迭代方法对模型进行离散和求解。研究结果表明:与平衡传质条件相比,在非平衡传质条件下的气液相间发生传质的难度更大,井底处的相间传质速率和井底压力更低;当循环时间逐渐增加,井底压力逐渐降低;随着过滤分离器位置、数量或空心球的体积分数逐渐增加,井底压力逐渐减小且递减速率逐渐增大,然而随着空心球密度逐渐增大,井底压力逐渐增加,但是对递减速率的影响却较小。该研究可以提升多梯度钻井气侵后井底压力的预测精度,同时可以为多梯度钻井方法在气侵后进行井筒压力控制提供一定的理论参考。In order to more accurately predict the bottomhole pressure after gas invasion in multi-gradient drilling,based on the nonequilibrium boundary mass transfer theory,considering the resistance effect of bubble surface tension on the mass transfer process under bubble flow conditions as well as the influence of energy exchange between wellbore and formation and physical parameters of hollow sphere on the gas-liquid two-phase flow in multi-gradient drilling,a transient nonequilibrium interphase mass transfer rate model and a new gas-liquid twophase flow model under multi-gradient drilling conditions were built.Moreover,the finite difference method and the Gauss-Seidel cyclic iterative method were used to discretize and solve the models.The research results show that compared with equilibrium mass transfer conditions,the mass transfer between gas and liquid phases is more difficult and the interphase mass transfer rate and pressure at bottom hole are lower under nonequilibrium mass transfer conditions;as the circulation time gradually increases,the bottomhole pressure gradually decreases;as the position and quantity of filter separator or the volume fraction of hollow spheres gradually increase,the bottomhole pressure gradually decreases and the decline rate gradually increases;however,as the density of hollow spheres gradually increases,the bottomhole pressure gradually increases,but the influence on the decline rate is relatively small.This research improves the prediction accuracy of bottomhole pressure after gas invasion in multigradient drilling,and provides a certain theoretical reference for wellbore pressure control after gas invasion in multi-gradient drilling.

关 键 词：多梯度钻井 相间传质速率 气侵 非平衡条件 井底压力 

分 类 号：TE27[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]