汉语方言持续体标记统计分析及持续体与进行体标记比较  

A Statistical Analysis of Continuous Markers in Chinese Dialects and Comparison between Continuous and Progressive

作　　者：丁崇明[1] DING Chongming

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学国际中文教育学院,北京100875

出　　处：《语言学论丛》2023年第3期3-25,共23页Essays on Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国民族音乐文化与语言数据集成及共演化研究”(项目编号:22&ZD218)的资助。

摘　　要：本文据930个方言点的材料总结出11种持续体标记选用序列,总结出持续体标记在方言中的选用倾向和地域分布。对方言持续体与进行体标记的选用进行分析,发现有极少数方言两种体标记相同,有的方言这两种体标记部分相同,持续体与进行体标记均含处所词的有7种方言的93个点。两种标记不一致的方言占76.8%。持续体与进行体完全不同的有4种方言。两种体标记90%以上的点完全不同的有7种方言。方言调查的事实支持汉语把持续体和进行体分为两种不同的体。汉语方言可分为:持续体与进行体标记相同或部分相同的方言、两种体标记不同的方言。有的是用“着”类标记的方言,有的是用处所词标记的方言。论文还探讨了体标记“着”和“在+处所词”体标记的来源及语法化路径。Based on 930 Chinese dialects,this paper summarizes the sequences of continuous markers.This paper summarizes the tendency and geographical distribution of various continuous markers.Only a very few dialects have the same two aspect markers.There are 83 surveyed points with locative words in both markers,which account for.In 77.8%of the dialects surveyed the two aspect marks are different.There are four dialects in which the continuous aspect and progressive aspect are completely different.90%of both markers in the seven major Chinese dialects are completely different.This investigation supports that Chinese dialects are divided continuous aspect and progressive aspect into two different aspects.Chinese dialects can be divided into:the dialects with the same or partially the same continuous and pogressive markers;the dialects with two different aspect markers.Some dialects are marked with the Zhe(着)particle,while others are dialects marked with place words.This paper briefly discusses the source and grammaticalization paths of the aspect markers Zhe(着)and"Zai(在)+locative words".

关 键 词：持续体 进行体 体标记 着处所词 语法化路径 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]