斯特林发动机结构特性分析及应用前景展望  

Structural Characteristics Analysis and Application Prospect of Stirling Engine

作　　者：伍赛特 Wu Saite(SAIC Motor,Shanghai 200438)

机构地区：[1]上海汽车集团股份有限公司,上海200438

出　　处：《传动技术》2023年第2期47-55,共9页Drive System Technique

摘　　要：介绍了斯特林发动机的系统组成与技术特性,对其在车用动力、热泵、发电、太阳能、空间动力、水面船舶动力、潜艇动力及人造心脏等领域的应用进行了详细阐述。将斯特林发动机与内燃机、汽轮机、燃气轮机及氦气轮机(闭式循环燃气轮机)进行对比,从外燃式热力发动机及广义内燃机的概念出发,并给出了往复机械及旋转机械的定义,重点针对容积式机械设备与速度式机械设备的特点,对相关热力发动机的结构特性进行了详尽研究。最后,对斯特林发动机的应用前景进行了展望。尽管目前斯特林发动机仍存在着成本居高不下及密封要求较高等问题,但考虑到其较广的燃料适应性、良好的扭矩及转速特性、较好的静音性及排放性,其在发电、热泵及船舶动力领域依然有着较好的应用前景。The system composition and technical characteristics of Stirling engine are introduced,and its applications in vehicle power,heat pump,power generation,solar energy,space power,surface ship power,submarine power and artificial heart are described in detail.Then,the Stirling engine is compared with internal combustion engine,steam turbine,gas turbine and helium turbine(closed cycle gas turbine).Starting from the concept of external combustion thermal engine and generalized internal combustion engine,the definitions of reciprocating machinery and rotating machinery are given.Focusing on the characteristics of volumetric mechanical equipment and speed mechanical equipment,the structural characteristics of related thermal engines are studied in detail.Finally,the application prospect of Stirling engine is prospected.Although Stirling engine still has the problem of high cost and sealing requirements,considering its wide fuel adaptability,good torque and speed characteristics,good soundness and emissions,it still has a good application prospect in the fields of power generation,heat pump and marine power.

关 键 词：斯特林发动机 热气机 特种发动机 容积式 速度式 潜艇 船舶 发电 热泵 

分 类 号：TK1[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]