海口市学龄前儿童湿疹与居室内环境的关系  

Relationship between eczema and indoor environmental factors among preschool children in Haikou

作　　者：王硕敏 查易 张静 WANG Shuomin;ZHA Yi;ZHANG Jing(International School of Public Health and One Health,Hainan Medical University,Haikou(571199),China)

机构地区：[1]海南医学院公共卫生与全健康国际学院,海口571199

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第7期1072-1075,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：2021年海南省自然科学基金项目(821RC564);2020年海南医学院研究生创新科研课题项目(HYYS2020-32)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨海口市学龄前儿童湿疹患病的家居室内环境影响因素,为采取有效防治措施提供理论依据。方法 于2020年12月至2021年1月,采用整群抽样的方法,对海口市随机抽取的8所幼儿园3 049名学龄前儿童进行横断面调查,分析家居室内环境因素对湿疹的影响。采用χ^(2)检验和二分类Logistic回归进行相关因素分析。结果 海口市学龄前儿童的湿疹检出率为13.6%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,母亲怀孕前1年住处新装修(OR=1.71, 95%CI=1.09~2.68)、儿童0~1岁时住处添置新家具(OR=1.53,95%CI=1.03~2.27)、居室内出现蟑螂(OR=1.35,95%CI=1.02~1.81)、每周清洁频率≤1次(OR=1.30,95%CI=1.01~1.66)与湿疹发生呈正相关,儿童集体生活起始年龄≥3岁(OR=0.76, 95%CI=0.60~0.96)与湿疹发生呈负相关(P值均<0.05)。结论 海口市学龄前儿童湿疹患病与许多家居室内环境因素有关,家长可通过改善家居环境和儿童集体生活起始年龄等措施对学龄前儿童湿疹进行预防。Objective To investigate the influencing factors of home environment on eczema in preschool children,so as to provide theoretical basis for taking effective regional prevention for preschool children.Methods From December 2020 to January 2021,a cross-sectional survey of 3049 preschool children was randomly carried out by stratified cluster sampling in Haikou kindergartens,and the impact of indoor environmental factors on preschool children's eczema was analyzed.Chi-squared test and binary Logistic regressive were used to analyze the related factors.Results The prevalence of eczema in preschool children was 13.6%.Multivariate Logistic regression showed that the positive correlation factors of eczema included the new decoration in the mother's residence one year before pregnancy(OR=1.71,95%CI=1.09-2.68),the addition of new furniture in the child's residence when the child was 0-1 years old(OR=1.53,95%CI=1.03-2.27),cockroaches in the house(OR=1.35,95%CI=1.02-1.81)and cleaning of less than once per week(OR=1.30,95%CI=1.01-1.66).The starting age of children's collective life since 3 years old(OR=0.76,95%CI=0.60-0.96)had a negative correlation with eczema(P<0.05).Conclusion There are multiple indoor environmental factors related to eczema among preschool children in Haikou city.Parents should take measures to prevent eczema in preschool children by paying attention to home environment and the starting age of children's collective life.

关 键 词：湿疹 环境 回归分析 儿童 学龄前 

分 类 号：R758.233[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学] R179[医药卫生—临床医学] B845.61[哲学宗教—心理学]