我国区域高等教育发展水平评价与特征分析  

Level evaluation and characteristics of regional higher education in China

作　　者：黄榕[1] 顾元媛[2] HUANG Rong;GU Yuanyuan(Jiangsu Academy of Educational Sciences,Nanjing 210024;School of Economics,Nanjing Audit University,Nanjing 210029,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省教育科学研究院,江苏南京210024 [2]南京审计大学经济学院,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《高校教育管理》2023年第5期25-41,共17页Journal of Higher Education Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(22BJL085);教育部人文社会科学项目(19YJA790017);2020年江苏教育改革发展战略性与政策性研究课题“现代化教育强省建设的战略重点、实施策略与路径研究”。

摘　　要：本研究聚焦要素、能力和功能3个维度,分析我国31个省份2003—2020年的区域高等教育发展水平,并把脉区域高等教育发展特征。研究发现,我国31个省份2003—2020年的高等教育发展水平总体表现为上升趋势,按走势可以分为阶梯式上升、波动式上升和平缓式上升3类;在时间维度,四大区域高等教育呈现总体上升趋势,形成了全局式、跨越式发展,但在发展中扩大了差距,形成发散效应,呈现时序动态性;在空间维度,31个省份高等教育发展水平可分为卓越、中等和起步3类,每一类对应的省份基本保持相对稳定,但现阶段省域层面的高等教育集群化并不显著,呈现空间异质性;31个省份高等教育发展过程阶段性与内部结构梯次性的交织配置,共同形成了区域高等教育发展的双雁阵模式。鉴于此,未来我国区域高等教育应坚持差异化策略、集群化方向和多样化发展,以更好地促进中国式现代化的早日实现。Focusing on three aspects among elements,capabilities and functions,this research analyzes the development level and characteristics of regional higher education in 31 provinces of China from 2003 to 2020.Four conclusions on higher education are attained.First,the overall development level shows an upward trend,which can be divided into ladder rise,fluctuating rise,and gentle rise.Second,in terms of time dimension,four major regions shows an overall upward trend,forming a global and leapfrog development with a widened gap and divergent effect and presenting a temporal dynamic.Third,in terms of spatial dimension,the development level can be divided into excellent,medium,and starting.Each category corresponds to a relatively stable province.The clustering of higher education at the provincial level in China is not significant,showing spatial heterogeneity.Fourth,the characteristics of regional higher education in China presents a"Flying Geese Pattern"as a result of interweaving and configuration of stages and internal structural hierarchy.Corresponding to these conclusions,regional higher education should adhere to differentiation strategy,clustering direction and diversified,in order to better promote the early realization of Chinese-style modernization.

关 键 词：区域高等教育 发展水平 雁阵模式 差异化发展 集群化发展 多样化发展 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]