北京冬奥会近地医院救治滑雪运动员膝关节急性损伤情况分析  

Analysis of acute knee injuries of skiers treated in Beijing Winter Olympics Games surrounding referral hospital

作　　者：李浩然 王佳宁[1] 陈泓宇 侯谦 敖英芳[1] 杨渝平[1,5] LI Haoran;WANG Jianing;CHEN Hongyu;HOU Qian;AO Yingfang;YANG Yuping(Department of Sports Medicine,Peking University Third Hospital,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University,Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries,Beijing 100191,China;College of Exercise Health Sciences,Tianjin University of Sports,Tianjin 301617,China;Department of Orthopaedics,Peking University Third Hospital,Beijing 100191,China;Department of Medical Services,Second Hospital,Hebei Medical University,Shijiazhuang 050000,Hebei,China;Department of Sports Medicine,Chongli Hospital,Peking University Third Hospital,Zhangjiakou 076350,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院运动医学科,北京大学运动医学研究所,运动医学关节伤病北京市重点实验室,北京100191 [2]天津体育学院社会体育与健康科学学院,天津301617 [3]北京大学第三医院骨科,北京100191 [4]河北医科大学第二医院医务处,河北石家庄050000 [5]北京大学第三医院崇礼院区运动医学科,河北张家口076350

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期84-90,共7页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：2019年国家科技部“科技冬奥”重点专项(2019YFF0302305);河北省技术创新引导计划项目(20477704D);2020年张家口市科技冬奥技术集成应用与综合示范专题项目(20110004D)。

摘　　要：为预防滑雪运动员膝关节损伤和指导雪场近地医院对滑雪者提供更好的医疗保障,对北京冬奥会期间张家口赛区近地转诊医院收治的膝关节损伤运动员的损伤部位、损伤原因、损伤类型、损伤性质、损伤程度等进行分析。结果表明:在总共40例运动损伤中,膝关节损伤为19例(47.5%),膝关节损伤的原因以摔伤(52.6%)和扭伤(31.5%)为主,主要损伤类型为韧带损伤(34.3%)、半月板损伤(28.5%)、骨挫伤(22.9%);损伤发生的主要部位为前交叉韧带(20.0%)、内侧半月板(14.3%)、内侧副韧带(11.4%),损伤性质以新发损伤(78.9%)为主,全部损伤均为急性损伤导致,损伤程度以中度(73.7%)和轻度(26.3%)损伤为主,未出现重度损伤。该结果说明:北京冬奥会期间近地转诊医院收治的受伤运动员中,因膝关节损伤到院救治的病例数占比最高;运动员的日常训练中应加强膝关节的运动控制和跌倒时的自我保护意识。各雪场近地医院应将运动损伤的救治重点放在韧带、半月板及相关联合损伤的治疗和康复上,不断改进手术术式和康复流程,以应对未来雪季可能大量出现的膝关节损伤患者。In order to prevent knee injuries of skiers and to guide the surrounding hospitals of the ski resorts to provide better medical security for skiers,the injured locations,causes,types,natures and the degrees of injuries in cases of athletes with knee injuries admitted to the surrounding referral hospital in Zhangjiakou during the Beijing Winter Olympic Games are analyzed.The results showed that among a total of 40 sports injuries,knee injuries wer e 19 cases(47.5%),the causes of knee injuries were mainly falls(52.6%)and sprains(31.5%).The main types of injuries were ligament injuries(34.3%),meniscal injuries(28.5%),and bone contusions(22.9%).The main locations of injuries were anterior cruciate ligaments(20.0%),medial meniscuses(14.3%)and medial collateral ligaments(11.4%).The natures of injuries were mainly new injuries(78.9%),all injuries were caused by acute injuries.The degrees of injuries were predominantly moderate(73.7%)and minor(26.3%),with no severe injury.The results show that the proportion of athletes who went to surrounding referral hospital for treatment due to knee injuries during the Beijing Winter Olympics Games is the highest.Athletes'daily training should reinforce their awareness of motor control of knees and self-protection in case of a fall.Each ski resort surrounding hospital should focus on the treatment and rehabilitation of ligament,meniscus and related combined injuries for sports injuries,and constantly improve the surgical procedures and rehabilitation processes to cope with the large number of knee injuries that may occur in the future snow seasons.

关 键 词：冬奥会 滑雪 膝关节运动损伤 近地转诊医院 

分 类 号：R684[医药卫生—骨科学]