化肥减量配施土壤改良剂对红壤改良及薏苡产量的影响  

Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction and Application of Soil Amendmenton Red Soil Improvement and Yield of Coix lacryma-jobi

作　　者：农传江 陈显梅 李雪萍 农全东 李春情 茹瑞红 屈用函[1] NONG Chuanjiang;CHEN Xianmei;LI Xueping;NONG Quandong;LI Chunqing;RU Ruihong;QU Yonghan(Wenshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wenshan Yunnan 663099,China)

机构地区：[1]文山州农业科学院,云南文山663099

出　　处：《耕作与栽培》2023年第4期50-53,共4页Tillage and Cultivation

基　　金：文山州院士专家工作站项目“徐明岗专家工作站”(WS 2019-04-01);日本有机新星土壤改良剂在文山州农业领域的研究及运用项目(WCN 201997)。

摘　　要：本研究以薏苡品种“文薏2号”为材料,设置当地习惯单施化肥(T1)、单施矿物土壤改良剂(T2)、较T1减量化肥20%,40%,60%配施矿物土壤改良剂(T3、T4、T5)共5个处理,采用随机区组试验设计,研究不同化肥减量配施矿物土壤改良剂对岩溶山区酸性红壤改良效果及薏苡产量的影响。结果表明,化肥减量比例控制在20%以内配施矿物土壤改良剂可以使薏苡千粒重和产量维持在较好水平,当化肥减量比例超过20%时会导致薏苡籽粒千粒重下降,且下降幅度随着化肥减量的比例增加而增加;化肥减量配施矿物土壤改良剂还可以降低土壤容重、增加土壤pH值、提高土壤有机质和速效钾含量,降低土壤碱解氮和有效磷。综合分析可知,化肥减量配施矿物土壤改良剂对岩溶山区酸性红壤改良有一定的效果,而且在一定程度上提高了薏苡产量,其中以化肥减量20%配施矿物土壤改良剂900 kg/hm^(2)的处理效果最佳。The study taking the Coix lacryma-jobi variety“wenyi 2”as the test material,and taking the local custom of application chemical fertilizer as the control,a total of five treatments with 20%,40%,60%of ck reduction and application of soil amendment were set up,and the experiment method of random block design was adopted to study the effect of different chemical fertilizer reduction and application of soil amendment on improvement of acid red soil and yield of Coix lacryma-jobi in Karst mountain area.The results showed that compared with the local custom of application chemical fertilizer,the treatment of 20%reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with the application of soil amendment by 900 kg/hm^(2) soil bulk density decreased by 7.56%improve,the pH value increased by 0.16,the content of organic matter increased by 17.15%,the content of available potassium increased by 12.09%,and other treatments had no significant difference.According to comprehensive analysis,under the conditions of this experiment,reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer and applying mineral soil amendment had certain effects on improving the acid red soil in lava mountain areas,and to a certain extent increased the yield of Coix lachryma,among which the treatment effect of reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer by 20%and applying mineral soil improver 900 kg/hm^(2) was the best.

关 键 词：化肥减量 红壤 土壤改良剂 理化性质 薏苡 产量 

分 类 号：S156.2[农业科学—土壤学]