镁肥不同施用量对水稻和小萝卜产量与养分吸收的影响  

Effect of Different Mg Fertilizer Application Rates on Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Rice and Radish

作　　者：吴光辉[1,2] 王绥干 张冬明[2,3,4] WU Guanghui;WANG Suigan;ZHANG Dongming(Popularizing Agricultural Technique Service Center of Haikou,Haikou,Hainan 570206;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation(Hainan),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Haikou,Hainan 571100;Agricultural Environment and Soil Research Institute,Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571100;Hainan Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Preservation,Haikou,Hainan 571100,China)

机构地区：[1]海口市农业技术推广中心,海南海口570206 [2]农业农村部海南耕地保育科学观测试验站,海南海口571100 [3]海南省农业科学院农业环境与土壤研究所,海南海口571100 [4]海南省耕地保育重点实验室,海南海口571100

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2023年第9期61-66,共6页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：海南省2022年农药化肥减量补助项目“海口市2022年农药化肥减量补助项目”[海农(2022)302];海南省省属科研院所技术开发专项“海口常年蔬菜基地土壤质量研究”(KYYS-2019-05)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明镁肥不同施用量对水稻和小萝卜产量及养分吸收的影响,为作物高产、养分高效利用的镁肥管理栽培技术提供参考。【方法】以水稻和小萝卜为试验材料,采用田间试验方法,研究配方施肥(CK)、配方施肥+镁肥30 kg/hm^(2)和配方施肥+镁肥60 kg/hm^(2)对水稻和小萝卜产量及养分吸收的影响。【结果】不同施肥处理对水稻和小萝卜的产量及养分吸收影响存在差异。水稻和小萝卜产量分别为480.37-512.08 kg/667m^(2)和2984.84-3451.02 kg/667m^(2),均以配方施肥+镁肥30 kg/hm^(2)处理最大,较CK分别提高15.62%和1.28%。稻秆全N、全P、全K、全Ca和全Mg含量分别为0.59%-0.73%、0.08%-0.11%、2.22%-2.35%、0.44%-0.48%和0.13%-0.18%,配方施肥+镁肥处理全Mg含量较CK显著提高30.77%-38.46%;小萝卜茎叶全N、全P、全K、全Ca和全Mg分别为4.15%-4.16%、0.46%-0.47%、1.49%-1.54%、0.32%-0.33%和0.07%-0.11%,配方施肥+镁肥处理全Mg含量较CK显著提高42.88%-45.98%。稻米全N、全P、全K、全Ca和全Mg含量分别为1.11%-1.48%、0.20%-0.34%、0.14%-0.19%、0.20%-0.21%和0.13%-0.17%,配方施肥+镁肥处理全Mg含量较CK均显著提高30.77%;小萝卜块茎全N、全P、全K和全Mg含量分别为2.14%-2.20%、0.64%-0.67%、2.30%-2.36%和0.01%-0.03%,全Ca为0.03%,配方施肥+镁肥处理全Mg含量较CK显著提高100.00%-200.00%。【结论】种植水稻和小萝卜采用配方施肥+镁肥30 kg/hm^(2)有利于促进其对养分含量的累积,提高养分利用效率,增加产量,是缺镁土壤消除缺素问题的有效措施。【Objective】The effects of different application rates of magnesium fertilizer on the yield and nutrient uptake of rice and radish were explored to provide reference for Mg fertilizer management and cultivation techniques for high yield and efficient nutrient utilization of crops.【Method】Using rice and radish as experimental materials,field experiments were conducted to study the effects of formula fertilization(CK),formula fertilization+30 kg/hm^(2) Mg fertilizer,and formula fertilization+60 kg/hm^(2) Mg fertilizer on the yield and nutrient uptake of rice and radish.【Result】It showed differences in the yield and nutrient uptake of rice and radish under different fertilization treatments.The yields of rice and radish were 480.37-512.08 kg/667m^(2) and 2984.84-3451.02 kg/667m^(2),respectively.The treatment with formula fertilization+30 kg/hm^(2) Mg fertilizer showed the highest yield,which was 15.62%and 1.28%higher than CK,respectively.The total N,total P,total K,total Ca,and total Mg contents of rice straw were 0.59%-0.73%,0.08%-0.11%,2.22%-2.35%,0.44%-0.48%,and 0.13%-0.18%,respectively.The total Mg content under formula fertilization+Mg fertilizer treatment significantly increased by 30.77%-38.46%compared with CK;The total N,total P,total K,total Ca and total Mg in stem and leaves of radish were 4.15%-4.16%,0.46%-0.47%,1.49%-1.54%,0.32%-0.33%,and 0.07%-0.11%,respectively.The total Mg content under formula fertilization+magnesium fertilizer treatment significantly increased by 42.88%-45.98%compared with CK.The total N,total P,total K,total Ca,and total Mg contents of rice were 1.11%-1.48%,0.20%-0.34%,0.14%-0.19%,0.20%-0.21%,and 0.13%-0.17%,respectively.The total Mg content under formula fertilization+Mg fertilizer treatment significantly increased by 30.77%compared with CK;The total N,P,K,and Mg contents in the tubers of radish were 2.14%-2.20%,0.64%-0.67%,2.30%-2.36%,and 0.01%-0.03%,respectively.The total Ca content was 0.03%.The total Mg content under the treatment of formula fertilization+Mg fertili

关 键 词：镁肥 水稻 小萝卜 产量 养分吸收 养分利用效率 

分 类 号：S143.7[农业科学—肥料学]