炮孔堵塞长度对爆破效果的影响研究  

Study of Influence of Stemming Length on Blasting Effect

作　　者：郭东明[1] 蓝樊革 张伟[1] 朱若凡 叶贵川 赵志峰 GUO Dong-ming;LAN Fan-ge;ZHANG Wei;ZHU Ruo-fan;YE Gui-chuan;ZHAO Zhi-feng(School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)力学与建筑工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《爆破》2023年第3期108-115,142,共9页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974315)。

摘　　要：在爆破工作中,炮孔堵塞的效果对爆破工作的效果与安全有很大的影响,为了提高爆破效果、降低爆破成本,确定炮孔堵塞的最佳长度很有必要。结合爆轰波理论和理论力学,采用理论分析与LS-DYNA数值模拟相结合的办法,进行炮孔堵塞长度对爆破效果影响的研究,并通过现场进行验证。研究结果表明:炮孔深度在0.6~1.4 m时,最佳的炮孔堵塞比例为0.38~0.54,且随炮孔深度的增大而减小,炮孔深度在1.6~2.4 m时,最佳的炮孔堵塞比例为0.36~0.38;炮孔深度超过1.2 m,同时炮孔堵塞长度≥1/2炮孔深度后,存在炮孔堵塞过长效应导致爆破效果不佳。径向不耦合系数R对炮孔的最佳堵塞长度具有显著的影响,当R≤1.8时,最佳炮孔堵塞长度随着R的增大而减小,当R>1.8时,最佳炮孔堵塞长度不随R改变。在大同王村煤业有限责任公司8107顶回风巷进行了现场试验,分别对1.2 m和2.2 m的掏槽孔以及2.0 m的辅助眼进行试验,炮孔的最佳堵塞长度分别为50 cm、90 cm和80 cm,与理论计算、数值模拟的结果相吻合。In the field of blasting work,stemming has a significant impact on the effectiveness and safety of blasting operations.To improve the blasting effect and reduce blasting costs,it is essential to determine the optimal length of stemming.This study uses a combination of explosion wave theory,theoretical mechanics,and LS-DYNA numerical simulation to analyze the impact of stemming length on blasting effect,which is then validated through field experiments.The study results indicate that when the blast hole depth is between 0.6 m and 1.4 m,the optimal stemming ratio is between 0.38 and 0.54,and with an increase in blast hole depth,the optimal ratio decreases.When the blast hole depth is between 1.6 m and 2.4 m,the optimal stemming ratio is between 0.36 and 0.38.If the blast hole depth exceeds 1.2 m,and the stemming length equals or exceeds half of the blast hole depth,a detrimental effect may occur.The radial uncoupling coefficient R exerts a significant effect on the optimal stemming length.When R is less than or equal to 1.8,the optimal stemming length decreases with an increase in R.However,when R is greater than 1.8,the optimal stemming length remains unchanged.Additionally,field experiments were conducted at the Wangcun Coal Mine Limited Liability Company 8107 return airway,including tests on 1.2 m and 2.2 m cut holes and a 2.0 m auxiliary hole.The optimal stemming lengths were found to be 50 cm,90 cm,and 80 cm,respectively,which aligns with the results of theoretical calculation and numerical simulation.

关 键 词：炮孔堵塞长度 数值模拟 堵塞比例 爆破效果 径向不耦合系数 

分 类 号：TD235.3[矿业工程—矿井建设]